Coronary embolism resulting in myocardial infarction: diagnosis and treatment
Abstract Background Coronary embolism (CE) is rare and is an unusual cause of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Japan NCVC criteria of CE were the first criteria that did not be verified and accepted. Methods We collected all the CE patients in our hospital between 2015 and 2021, analyzed the chara...
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Medical Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02914-8 |
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| author | Shufu Chang Rende Xu Yuxiang Dai Chenguang Li Hao Lu Qing Qin Jianying Ma Juying Qian Junbo Ge |
| author_facet | Shufu Chang Rende Xu Yuxiang Dai Chenguang Li Hao Lu Qing Qin Jianying Ma Juying Qian Junbo Ge |
| author_sort | Shufu Chang |
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| description | Abstract Background Coronary embolism (CE) is rare and is an unusual cause of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Japan NCVC criteria of CE were the first criteria that did not be verified and accepted. Methods We collected all the CE patients in our hospital between 2015 and 2021, analyzed the characters, diagnosis, and treatment, and confirmed the value of Japan NCVC criteria. Results Eighteen AMI patients diagnosed with CE were enrolled. Seventeen patients (94.4%) were given PCI treatments. Six patients (33.3%) had artificial heart valves, and three (16.7%) had mechanical valves. Eleven patients (61.1%) had atrial fibrillation (AF), one (5.6%) had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and two (11.1%) had hypercoagulable state. 68.8% of patients had insufficient anticoagulation in this study. Seven patients (38.9%) fulfilled the criteria for definite CE, and nine (50%) were classified as probable CE. The other two patients (11.1%) did not fulfill the criteria of CE with distal coronary artery embolism and one criterion of Japan NCVC criteria. The diagnosis accuracy rate of Japan NCVC criteria was 88.9%. Thrombus aspiration was the first-line treatment used in 14 patients (77.8%) and performed in 9 vessels (47.4%) as the only treatment method. Conclusions CE is rare in AMI, and AF is the most critical cause which should draw our attention. The Japan NCVC criteria were a helpful diagnostic tool for CE with high accuracy, but the distal coronary artery embolism with moderate atherosclerosis might be overlooked. Thrombus aspiration was the preferred treatment to remove thrombus and restore coronary flow to improve prognosis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4bf9e6f7e69648e49c5d0103dcaa7817 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2047-783X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Medical Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-4bf9e6f7e69648e49c5d0103dcaa78172025-08-20T03:42:27ZengBMCEuropean Journal of Medical Research2047-783X2025-07-013011810.1186/s40001-025-02914-8Coronary embolism resulting in myocardial infarction: diagnosis and treatmentShufu Chang0Rende Xu1Yuxiang Dai2Chenguang Li3Hao Lu4Qing Qin5Jianying Ma6Juying Qian7Junbo Ge8Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityAbstract Background Coronary embolism (CE) is rare and is an unusual cause of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Japan NCVC criteria of CE were the first criteria that did not be verified and accepted. Methods We collected all the CE patients in our hospital between 2015 and 2021, analyzed the characters, diagnosis, and treatment, and confirmed the value of Japan NCVC criteria. Results Eighteen AMI patients diagnosed with CE were enrolled. Seventeen patients (94.4%) were given PCI treatments. Six patients (33.3%) had artificial heart valves, and three (16.7%) had mechanical valves. Eleven patients (61.1%) had atrial fibrillation (AF), one (5.6%) had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and two (11.1%) had hypercoagulable state. 68.8% of patients had insufficient anticoagulation in this study. Seven patients (38.9%) fulfilled the criteria for definite CE, and nine (50%) were classified as probable CE. The other two patients (11.1%) did not fulfill the criteria of CE with distal coronary artery embolism and one criterion of Japan NCVC criteria. The diagnosis accuracy rate of Japan NCVC criteria was 88.9%. Thrombus aspiration was the first-line treatment used in 14 patients (77.8%) and performed in 9 vessels (47.4%) as the only treatment method. Conclusions CE is rare in AMI, and AF is the most critical cause which should draw our attention. The Japan NCVC criteria were a helpful diagnostic tool for CE with high accuracy, but the distal coronary artery embolism with moderate atherosclerosis might be overlooked. Thrombus aspiration was the preferred treatment to remove thrombus and restore coronary flow to improve prognosis.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02914-8Coronary arteryEmbolismMyocardial infarctionAtrial fibrillationDiagnosisTreatment |
| spellingShingle | Shufu Chang Rende Xu Yuxiang Dai Chenguang Li Hao Lu Qing Qin Jianying Ma Juying Qian Junbo Ge Coronary embolism resulting in myocardial infarction: diagnosis and treatment European Journal of Medical Research Coronary artery Embolism Myocardial infarction Atrial fibrillation Diagnosis Treatment |
| title | Coronary embolism resulting in myocardial infarction: diagnosis and treatment |
| title_full | Coronary embolism resulting in myocardial infarction: diagnosis and treatment |
| title_fullStr | Coronary embolism resulting in myocardial infarction: diagnosis and treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coronary embolism resulting in myocardial infarction: diagnosis and treatment |
| title_short | Coronary embolism resulting in myocardial infarction: diagnosis and treatment |
| title_sort | coronary embolism resulting in myocardial infarction diagnosis and treatment |
| topic | Coronary artery Embolism Myocardial infarction Atrial fibrillation Diagnosis Treatment |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02914-8 |
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