Supplementation with serine-enriched non-essential amino acids from minimum essential medium promotes blastocyst development of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos
To produce an embryo, a high conception rate must be complied along with four evaluation criteria based on the timing of early cleavage and proper embryo morphology (hereafter, these blastocysts will be referred to as “four-criteria-compliant blastocysts”). Therefore, it is necessary to construct a...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The Society for Reproduction and Development
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | The Journal of Reproduction and Development |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jrd/71/1/71_2024-090/_pdf/-char/en |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832540525690880000 |
|---|---|
| author | Nobuhiko ITAMI Yuji HIRAO |
| author_facet | Nobuhiko ITAMI Yuji HIRAO |
| author_sort | Nobuhiko ITAMI |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To produce an embryo, a high conception rate must be complied along with four evaluation criteria based on the timing of early cleavage and proper embryo morphology (hereafter, these blastocysts will be referred to as “four-criteria-compliant blastocysts”). Therefore, it is necessary to construct a culture system for high efficiency production of embryos meeting these four criteria. Non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) are widely used for the culture of bovine embryos fertilized in vitro; however, the necessity and optimal concentration of individual NEAA must be verified to produce four-criteria-compliant blastocysts. DNA methylation is a critical event for blastocyst formation in bovines, and serine is a common NEAA that serves as a methyl donor and participates in DNA methylation. Serine is generally added at a concentration of 100 µM in bovine embryo culture medium. However, the rate of formation of four-criteria-compliant blastocysts was significantly improved when 1000 µM of serine was added. Analysis of endogenous serine synthases gene expression in oocytes and embryos revealed that phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the serine synthesis pathway, is expressed at the morula stage and beyond. The addition of serine at 1000 µM increased the amount of methyl donors; moreover, the addition of an inhibitor of serine-metabolizing enzymes decreased the number of methyl donors and markedly inhibited blastocyst formation. These results indicate that the addition of serine at an optimal concentration of 1000 µM favors production of four-criteria-compliant blastocysts, and that methyl donor synthesis may be involved in this effect. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4be81d58cba542d9ae24ec75da7b1f16 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0916-8818 1348-4400 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | The Society for Reproduction and Development |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Journal of Reproduction and Development |
| spelling | doaj-art-4be81d58cba542d9ae24ec75da7b1f162025-02-04T23:41:35ZengThe Society for Reproduction and DevelopmentThe Journal of Reproduction and Development0916-88181348-44002024-12-01711556110.1262/jrd.2024-090jrdSupplementation with serine-enriched non-essential amino acids from minimum essential medium promotes blastocyst development of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryosNobuhiko ITAMI0Yuji HIRAO1Division of Dairy Cattle Feeding and Breeding Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-0901, JapanDivision of Dairy Cattle Feeding and Breeding Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-0901, JapanTo produce an embryo, a high conception rate must be complied along with four evaluation criteria based on the timing of early cleavage and proper embryo morphology (hereafter, these blastocysts will be referred to as “four-criteria-compliant blastocysts”). Therefore, it is necessary to construct a culture system for high efficiency production of embryos meeting these four criteria. Non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) are widely used for the culture of bovine embryos fertilized in vitro; however, the necessity and optimal concentration of individual NEAA must be verified to produce four-criteria-compliant blastocysts. DNA methylation is a critical event for blastocyst formation in bovines, and serine is a common NEAA that serves as a methyl donor and participates in DNA methylation. Serine is generally added at a concentration of 100 µM in bovine embryo culture medium. However, the rate of formation of four-criteria-compliant blastocysts was significantly improved when 1000 µM of serine was added. Analysis of endogenous serine synthases gene expression in oocytes and embryos revealed that phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the serine synthesis pathway, is expressed at the morula stage and beyond. The addition of serine at 1000 µM increased the amount of methyl donors; moreover, the addition of an inhibitor of serine-metabolizing enzymes decreased the number of methyl donors and markedly inhibited blastocyst formation. These results indicate that the addition of serine at an optimal concentration of 1000 µM favors production of four-criteria-compliant blastocysts, and that methyl donor synthesis may be involved in this effect.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jrd/71/1/71_2024-090/_pdf/-char/encattleembryo developmentin vitro fertilizationnon-essential amino acidsserine |
| spellingShingle | Nobuhiko ITAMI Yuji HIRAO Supplementation with serine-enriched non-essential amino acids from minimum essential medium promotes blastocyst development of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos The Journal of Reproduction and Development cattle embryo development in vitro fertilization non-essential amino acids serine |
| title | Supplementation with serine-enriched non-essential amino acids from minimum essential medium promotes blastocyst development of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos |
| title_full | Supplementation with serine-enriched non-essential amino acids from minimum essential medium promotes blastocyst development of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos |
| title_fullStr | Supplementation with serine-enriched non-essential amino acids from minimum essential medium promotes blastocyst development of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supplementation with serine-enriched non-essential amino acids from minimum essential medium promotes blastocyst development of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos |
| title_short | Supplementation with serine-enriched non-essential amino acids from minimum essential medium promotes blastocyst development of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos |
| title_sort | supplementation with serine enriched non essential amino acids from minimum essential medium promotes blastocyst development of in vitro fertilized bovine embryos |
| topic | cattle embryo development in vitro fertilization non-essential amino acids serine |
| url | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jrd/71/1/71_2024-090/_pdf/-char/en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nobuhikoitami supplementationwithserineenrichednonessentialaminoacidsfromminimumessentialmediumpromotesblastocystdevelopmentofinvitrofertilizedbovineembryos AT yujihirao supplementationwithserineenrichednonessentialaminoacidsfromminimumessentialmediumpromotesblastocystdevelopmentofinvitrofertilizedbovineembryos |