A Novel Electromagnetic Induction-Based Approach to Identify the State of Shallow Groundwater in the Oasis Group of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang During 2000–2022
Our understanding of water and salt changes in the context of declining groundwater levels in the Tarim Basin remains limited, largely due to the scarcity of hydrological monitoring stations and field observation data. This study utilizes water and salt monitoring data from 474 apparent electromagne...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/7/1312 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849769644279201792 |
|---|---|
| author | Fei Wang Yang Wei Rongrong Li Hongjiang Hu Xiaojing Li |
| author_facet | Fei Wang Yang Wei Rongrong Li Hongjiang Hu Xiaojing Li |
| author_sort | Fei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Our understanding of water and salt changes in the context of declining groundwater levels in the Tarim Basin remains limited, largely due to the scarcity of hydrological monitoring stations and field observation data. This study utilizes water and salt monitoring data from 474 apparent electromagnetic induction (ECa, measured by EM38-MK2 device) sites across seven oases, combined with groundwater level observation data from representative areas, to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in ECa within the oases of the Tarim Basin from 2000 to 2022. Specific results are shown below: Numerous algorithmic predictions show the ensemble learning algorithm with the smallest error explained 71% of the ECa spatial variability. The ECa was particularly effective at identifying areas where groundwater extends beyond a depth of 5 m, demonstrating increased efficacy when ECa readings exceed the threshold of 1100 mS/m. Our spatiotemporal analysis spanning the years 2000 to 2022 has revealed a significant decline in ECa values within the artificially irrigated zones of the oasis clusters. In contrast, the transitional ecotone between the desert and the oases in Atux, Aksu, Kuqa, and Luntai have experienced a significant increase in ECa value. The variations observed within the defined Zone B, where ECa values ranged from 800 mS/m to 1100 mS/m, and Zone A, characterized by ECa values exceeding 1100 mS/m, aligned with the periodic fluctuations in the groundwater drought index (GDI), indicating a clear pattern of correlation. This study demonstrated that ECa can serve as a valuable tool for revealing the spatial and temporal variations of water resources in arid zones. The results obtained through this approach provided essential references for the local scientific management of soil and water resources. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4be23bb732324750a7ca7c8c4356eb3d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-4be23bb732324750a7ca7c8c4356eb3d2025-08-20T03:03:21ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-04-01177131210.3390/rs17071312A Novel Electromagnetic Induction-Based Approach to Identify the State of Shallow Groundwater in the Oasis Group of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang During 2000–2022Fei Wang0Yang Wei1Rongrong Li2Hongjiang Hu3Xiaojing Li4School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaSchool of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaSchool of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaSchool of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaSchool of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaOur understanding of water and salt changes in the context of declining groundwater levels in the Tarim Basin remains limited, largely due to the scarcity of hydrological monitoring stations and field observation data. This study utilizes water and salt monitoring data from 474 apparent electromagnetic induction (ECa, measured by EM38-MK2 device) sites across seven oases, combined with groundwater level observation data from representative areas, to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in ECa within the oases of the Tarim Basin from 2000 to 2022. Specific results are shown below: Numerous algorithmic predictions show the ensemble learning algorithm with the smallest error explained 71% of the ECa spatial variability. The ECa was particularly effective at identifying areas where groundwater extends beyond a depth of 5 m, demonstrating increased efficacy when ECa readings exceed the threshold of 1100 mS/m. Our spatiotemporal analysis spanning the years 2000 to 2022 has revealed a significant decline in ECa values within the artificially irrigated zones of the oasis clusters. In contrast, the transitional ecotone between the desert and the oases in Atux, Aksu, Kuqa, and Luntai have experienced a significant increase in ECa value. The variations observed within the defined Zone B, where ECa values ranged from 800 mS/m to 1100 mS/m, and Zone A, characterized by ECa values exceeding 1100 mS/m, aligned with the periodic fluctuations in the groundwater drought index (GDI), indicating a clear pattern of correlation. This study demonstrated that ECa can serve as a valuable tool for revealing the spatial and temporal variations of water resources in arid zones. The results obtained through this approach provided essential references for the local scientific management of soil and water resources.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/7/1312groundwater levelelectromagnetic inductiontemporal and spatial variationTarim Basinmachine learning |
| spellingShingle | Fei Wang Yang Wei Rongrong Li Hongjiang Hu Xiaojing Li A Novel Electromagnetic Induction-Based Approach to Identify the State of Shallow Groundwater in the Oasis Group of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang During 2000–2022 Remote Sensing groundwater level electromagnetic induction temporal and spatial variation Tarim Basin machine learning |
| title | A Novel Electromagnetic Induction-Based Approach to Identify the State of Shallow Groundwater in the Oasis Group of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang During 2000–2022 |
| title_full | A Novel Electromagnetic Induction-Based Approach to Identify the State of Shallow Groundwater in the Oasis Group of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang During 2000–2022 |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Electromagnetic Induction-Based Approach to Identify the State of Shallow Groundwater in the Oasis Group of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang During 2000–2022 |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Electromagnetic Induction-Based Approach to Identify the State of Shallow Groundwater in the Oasis Group of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang During 2000–2022 |
| title_short | A Novel Electromagnetic Induction-Based Approach to Identify the State of Shallow Groundwater in the Oasis Group of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang During 2000–2022 |
| title_sort | novel electromagnetic induction based approach to identify the state of shallow groundwater in the oasis group of the tarim basin in xinjiang during 2000 2022 |
| topic | groundwater level electromagnetic induction temporal and spatial variation Tarim Basin machine learning |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/7/1312 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT feiwang anovelelectromagneticinductionbasedapproachtoidentifythestateofshallowgroundwaterintheoasisgroupofthetarimbasininxinjiangduring20002022 AT yangwei anovelelectromagneticinductionbasedapproachtoidentifythestateofshallowgroundwaterintheoasisgroupofthetarimbasininxinjiangduring20002022 AT rongrongli anovelelectromagneticinductionbasedapproachtoidentifythestateofshallowgroundwaterintheoasisgroupofthetarimbasininxinjiangduring20002022 AT hongjianghu anovelelectromagneticinductionbasedapproachtoidentifythestateofshallowgroundwaterintheoasisgroupofthetarimbasininxinjiangduring20002022 AT xiaojingli anovelelectromagneticinductionbasedapproachtoidentifythestateofshallowgroundwaterintheoasisgroupofthetarimbasininxinjiangduring20002022 AT feiwang novelelectromagneticinductionbasedapproachtoidentifythestateofshallowgroundwaterintheoasisgroupofthetarimbasininxinjiangduring20002022 AT yangwei novelelectromagneticinductionbasedapproachtoidentifythestateofshallowgroundwaterintheoasisgroupofthetarimbasininxinjiangduring20002022 AT rongrongli novelelectromagneticinductionbasedapproachtoidentifythestateofshallowgroundwaterintheoasisgroupofthetarimbasininxinjiangduring20002022 AT hongjianghu novelelectromagneticinductionbasedapproachtoidentifythestateofshallowgroundwaterintheoasisgroupofthetarimbasininxinjiangduring20002022 AT xiaojingli novelelectromagneticinductionbasedapproachtoidentifythestateofshallowgroundwaterintheoasisgroupofthetarimbasininxinjiangduring20002022 |