Experimental study on mechanical properties and microstructure of cement-based expansion grouting materials for broken coal mass.

As the excavation depth of the tunnel increases, the stress on the surrounding rock increases, and the tunnel becomes fragmented, especially in coal tunnels, which require grouting reinforcement. Conventional materials are inadequate for the grouting and reinforcing demands of this type of surroundi...

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Main Authors: Feng Zhang, Jinxiao Liu, Jiawei He, Kai Zhang, Zhongcheng Qin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0328492
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author Feng Zhang
Jinxiao Liu
Jiawei He
Kai Zhang
Zhongcheng Qin
author_facet Feng Zhang
Jinxiao Liu
Jiawei He
Kai Zhang
Zhongcheng Qin
author_sort Feng Zhang
collection DOAJ
description As the excavation depth of the tunnel increases, the stress on the surrounding rock increases, and the tunnel becomes fragmented, especially in coal tunnels, which require grouting reinforcement. Conventional materials are inadequate for the grouting and reinforcing demands of this type of surrounding rock; therefore, it is essential to create grouting materials with specific expansion properties. First, the orthogonal test method was employed to optimize the expansion grouting materials ratio. Compared with traditional grouting materials, it exhibits certain expansibility along with good fluidity and strength. Based on a comprehensive evaluation of the mechanical properties of the material, the optimal formulation was determined as follows: 10% UEA expansive agent, 5% early-strength agent, and 1.2% water-reducing agent. Additionally, Through SEM tests and grouting reinforcement test of broken coal or rock, it was found that expansive grouting materials can effectively fill micro-fractures in coal rock, enhance the integrity of the surrounding rock, and improve its mechanical properties. The findings indicate that the recovery strength of coal and rock using expansion grouting materials at 7 days is 0.18 and 0.1 greater than that of pure cement; at 28 days, the recovery strength of coal and rock is 0.27 and 0.15 higher than that of pure cement. Ultimately, the expansion grouting materials is employed in engineering applications. Following the application of anchor grouting and expansion grouting materials, the maximum deformation of the roof at the roadway intersection measures 125 mm, while the maximum deformation on both sides reaches 190 mm. The distortion of the surrounding rock of the roadway is well managed. This is essential for the reinforcement of tunnels within shattered surrounding rock and for the secure extraction of coal in mines.
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spelling doaj-art-4bd6dfeccedf455d8777d645d6e7f34f2025-08-23T05:32:35ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01208e032849210.1371/journal.pone.0328492Experimental study on mechanical properties and microstructure of cement-based expansion grouting materials for broken coal mass.Feng ZhangJinxiao LiuJiawei HeKai ZhangZhongcheng QinAs the excavation depth of the tunnel increases, the stress on the surrounding rock increases, and the tunnel becomes fragmented, especially in coal tunnels, which require grouting reinforcement. Conventional materials are inadequate for the grouting and reinforcing demands of this type of surrounding rock; therefore, it is essential to create grouting materials with specific expansion properties. First, the orthogonal test method was employed to optimize the expansion grouting materials ratio. Compared with traditional grouting materials, it exhibits certain expansibility along with good fluidity and strength. Based on a comprehensive evaluation of the mechanical properties of the material, the optimal formulation was determined as follows: 10% UEA expansive agent, 5% early-strength agent, and 1.2% water-reducing agent. Additionally, Through SEM tests and grouting reinforcement test of broken coal or rock, it was found that expansive grouting materials can effectively fill micro-fractures in coal rock, enhance the integrity of the surrounding rock, and improve its mechanical properties. The findings indicate that the recovery strength of coal and rock using expansion grouting materials at 7 days is 0.18 and 0.1 greater than that of pure cement; at 28 days, the recovery strength of coal and rock is 0.27 and 0.15 higher than that of pure cement. Ultimately, the expansion grouting materials is employed in engineering applications. Following the application of anchor grouting and expansion grouting materials, the maximum deformation of the roof at the roadway intersection measures 125 mm, while the maximum deformation on both sides reaches 190 mm. The distortion of the surrounding rock of the roadway is well managed. This is essential for the reinforcement of tunnels within shattered surrounding rock and for the secure extraction of coal in mines.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0328492
spellingShingle Feng Zhang
Jinxiao Liu
Jiawei He
Kai Zhang
Zhongcheng Qin
Experimental study on mechanical properties and microstructure of cement-based expansion grouting materials for broken coal mass.
PLoS ONE
title Experimental study on mechanical properties and microstructure of cement-based expansion grouting materials for broken coal mass.
title_full Experimental study on mechanical properties and microstructure of cement-based expansion grouting materials for broken coal mass.
title_fullStr Experimental study on mechanical properties and microstructure of cement-based expansion grouting materials for broken coal mass.
title_full_unstemmed Experimental study on mechanical properties and microstructure of cement-based expansion grouting materials for broken coal mass.
title_short Experimental study on mechanical properties and microstructure of cement-based expansion grouting materials for broken coal mass.
title_sort experimental study on mechanical properties and microstructure of cement based expansion grouting materials for broken coal mass
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0328492
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AT jiaweihe experimentalstudyonmechanicalpropertiesandmicrostructureofcementbasedexpansiongroutingmaterialsforbrokencoalmass
AT kaizhang experimentalstudyonmechanicalpropertiesandmicrostructureofcementbasedexpansiongroutingmaterialsforbrokencoalmass
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