Absorbing the gaze, scattering looks: Klimt’s distinctive style and its two-fold effect on the eye of the beholder

Among the most renowned painters of the early twentieth century, Gustav Klimt is often associated – by experts and laymen alike - with a distinctive style of representation: the visual juxtaposition of realistic features and flattened ornamental patterns. Art historical writing suggests that this ju...

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Main Authors: Anna Miscena, Jozsef Arato, Raphael Rosenberg
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-10-01
Series:Journal of Eye Movement Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://bop.unibe.ch/JEMR/article/view/7032
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author Anna Miscena
Jozsef Arato
Raphael Rosenberg
author_facet Anna Miscena
Jozsef Arato
Raphael Rosenberg
author_sort Anna Miscena
collection DOAJ
description Among the most renowned painters of the early twentieth century, Gustav Klimt is often associated – by experts and laymen alike - with a distinctive style of representation: the visual juxtaposition of realistic features and flattened ornamental patterns. Art historical writing suggests that this juxtaposition allows a two-fold experience; the perception of both the realm of art and the realm of life. While Klimt adopted a variety of stylistic choices in his career, this one popularised his work and was hardly ever used by other artists. The following study was designed to observe whether Klimt’s distinctive style causes a specific behaviour of the viewer, at the level of eye-movements. Twenty-one portraits were shown to thirty viewers while their eye-movements were recorded. The pictures included artworks by Klimt in both his distinctive and non-distinctive styles, as well as other artists of the same historical period. The recorded data show that only Klimt’s distinctive paintings induce a specific eye-movement pattern with alternating longer (“absorbed”) and shorter (“scattered”) fixations. We therefore claim that there is a behavioural correspondence to what art historical interpretations have so far asserted: The perception of “Klimt’s style” can be described as two-fold also at a physiological level.
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spelling doaj-art-4bd4aa8a201f405db4215723deb8e2ef2025-08-20T03:09:58ZengMDPI AGJournal of Eye Movement Research1995-86922020-10-0113210.16910/jemr.13.2.8Absorbing the gaze, scattering looks: Klimt’s distinctive style and its two-fold effect on the eye of the beholderAnna Miscena0Jozsef AratoRaphael RosenbergUniversity of ViennaAmong the most renowned painters of the early twentieth century, Gustav Klimt is often associated – by experts and laymen alike - with a distinctive style of representation: the visual juxtaposition of realistic features and flattened ornamental patterns. Art historical writing suggests that this juxtaposition allows a two-fold experience; the perception of both the realm of art and the realm of life. While Klimt adopted a variety of stylistic choices in his career, this one popularised his work and was hardly ever used by other artists. The following study was designed to observe whether Klimt’s distinctive style causes a specific behaviour of the viewer, at the level of eye-movements. Twenty-one portraits were shown to thirty viewers while their eye-movements were recorded. The pictures included artworks by Klimt in both his distinctive and non-distinctive styles, as well as other artists of the same historical period. The recorded data show that only Klimt’s distinctive paintings induce a specific eye-movement pattern with alternating longer (“absorbed”) and shorter (“scattered”) fixations. We therefore claim that there is a behavioural correspondence to what art historical interpretations have so far asserted: The perception of “Klimt’s style” can be described as two-fold also at a physiological level.https://bop.unibe.ch/JEMR/article/view/7032Eye movementseye trackingfixationsart perception
spellingShingle Anna Miscena
Jozsef Arato
Raphael Rosenberg
Absorbing the gaze, scattering looks: Klimt’s distinctive style and its two-fold effect on the eye of the beholder
Journal of Eye Movement Research
Eye movements
eye tracking
fixations
art perception
title Absorbing the gaze, scattering looks: Klimt’s distinctive style and its two-fold effect on the eye of the beholder
title_full Absorbing the gaze, scattering looks: Klimt’s distinctive style and its two-fold effect on the eye of the beholder
title_fullStr Absorbing the gaze, scattering looks: Klimt’s distinctive style and its two-fold effect on the eye of the beholder
title_full_unstemmed Absorbing the gaze, scattering looks: Klimt’s distinctive style and its two-fold effect on the eye of the beholder
title_short Absorbing the gaze, scattering looks: Klimt’s distinctive style and its two-fold effect on the eye of the beholder
title_sort absorbing the gaze scattering looks klimt s distinctive style and its two fold effect on the eye of the beholder
topic Eye movements
eye tracking
fixations
art perception
url https://bop.unibe.ch/JEMR/article/view/7032
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