Risk of Invasive Escherichia coli (E. coli) Disease After Elective Urologic Procedures Among Older Adults in the United States

Abstract Introduction Little is known about the risk of invasive E. coli disease (IED) after elective urologic procedures. We estimated the risk of IED after selected urologic procedures in patients with or without antibiotic prophylaxis, and in controls with no urologic or other surgical procedures...

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Main Authors: Maureen P. Neary, Maryaline Catillon, Nina Ahmad, Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle, Jeroen Geurtsen, Alice Qu, Corinne Willame, Martin Cloutier, Antoine C. El Khoury, Elie Saade
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Adis, Springer Healthcare 2025-02-01
Series:Infectious Diseases and Therapy
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01096-w
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author Maureen P. Neary
Maryaline Catillon
Nina Ahmad
Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle
Jeroen Geurtsen
Alice Qu
Corinne Willame
Martin Cloutier
Antoine C. El Khoury
Elie Saade
author_facet Maureen P. Neary
Maryaline Catillon
Nina Ahmad
Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle
Jeroen Geurtsen
Alice Qu
Corinne Willame
Martin Cloutier
Antoine C. El Khoury
Elie Saade
author_sort Maureen P. Neary
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Introduction Little is known about the risk of invasive E. coli disease (IED) after elective urologic procedures. We estimated the risk of IED after selected urologic procedures in patients with or without antibiotic prophylaxis, and in controls with no urologic or other surgical procedures. Methods The Komodo Research Database (01/01/2021–06/30/2023) was used to identify patients ≥ 60 years old with selected urological procedures (index: first urologic procedure date) and randomly selected controls without surgical procedures (index: random date). Patients with urologic procedures were classified into two cohorts based on whether or not they received antibiotic prophylaxis within 14 days prior to and on index date. Entropy balancing adjusted for differences between groups in selected patient characteristics over 6 months pre-index (baseline). IED rates within 30 days post-index were assessed based on recorded diagnosis of E. coli sepsis (ICD-10-CM: A41.51); odds ratios (OR) were estimated using weighted logistic regression. Sensitivity analyses within 90 days and using broader claims-based algorithm for IED were performed. Results Overall, 141,418 patients had urologic procedures with antibiotic prophylaxis, 200,062 had them without antibiotic prophylaxis, and 424,254 had no procedures. Within 30 days post-index, IED rates were 0.48% and 0.72% among patients with or without antibiotic prophylaxis, respectively, vs. 0.02% among those without any procedures. Among patients with urologic procedures,  > 70% of IED events occurred within 30 days. Patients who had urologic procedures without prophylaxis had a higher risk of developing IED than those with prophylaxis (OR = 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI: 1.37–1.65]), while patients without any procedures had a lower risk than those with urologic procedures and prophylaxis (OR = 0.04, 95% CI [0.03–0.05]). Similar results were obtained in sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Urologic procedures were associated with an increased IED risk even with antibiotic prophylaxis. Results suggest an unmet need for additional preventative measures to reduce the burden of IED after urologic procedures.
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spelling doaj-art-4bc96748c3e94b2e9a1ccb84a02ccf782025-08-20T02:49:33ZengAdis, Springer HealthcareInfectious Diseases and Therapy2193-82292193-63822025-02-0114354956710.1007/s40121-024-01096-wRisk of Invasive Escherichia coli (E. coli) Disease After Elective Urologic Procedures Among Older Adults in the United StatesMaureen P. Neary0Maryaline Catillon1Nina Ahmad2Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle3Jeroen Geurtsen4Alice Qu5Corinne Willame6Martin Cloutier7Antoine C. El Khoury8Elie Saade9Janssen Global Services, LLCAnalysis Group, Inc.Janssen Global Services LLCAnalysis GroupJanssen Vaccines & Prevention BVAnalysis Group, Inc.Janssen Pharmaceutica NVAnalysis GroupJanssen Global Services LLCDepartment of Medicine, Case Western Reserve UniversityAbstract Introduction Little is known about the risk of invasive E. coli disease (IED) after elective urologic procedures. We estimated the risk of IED after selected urologic procedures in patients with or without antibiotic prophylaxis, and in controls with no urologic or other surgical procedures. Methods The Komodo Research Database (01/01/2021–06/30/2023) was used to identify patients ≥ 60 years old with selected urological procedures (index: first urologic procedure date) and randomly selected controls without surgical procedures (index: random date). Patients with urologic procedures were classified into two cohorts based on whether or not they received antibiotic prophylaxis within 14 days prior to and on index date. Entropy balancing adjusted for differences between groups in selected patient characteristics over 6 months pre-index (baseline). IED rates within 30 days post-index were assessed based on recorded diagnosis of E. coli sepsis (ICD-10-CM: A41.51); odds ratios (OR) were estimated using weighted logistic regression. Sensitivity analyses within 90 days and using broader claims-based algorithm for IED were performed. Results Overall, 141,418 patients had urologic procedures with antibiotic prophylaxis, 200,062 had them without antibiotic prophylaxis, and 424,254 had no procedures. Within 30 days post-index, IED rates were 0.48% and 0.72% among patients with or without antibiotic prophylaxis, respectively, vs. 0.02% among those without any procedures. Among patients with urologic procedures,  > 70% of IED events occurred within 30 days. Patients who had urologic procedures without prophylaxis had a higher risk of developing IED than those with prophylaxis (OR = 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI: 1.37–1.65]), while patients without any procedures had a lower risk than those with urologic procedures and prophylaxis (OR = 0.04, 95% CI [0.03–0.05]). Similar results were obtained in sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Urologic procedures were associated with an increased IED risk even with antibiotic prophylaxis. Results suggest an unmet need for additional preventative measures to reduce the burden of IED after urologic procedures.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01096-wAntibiotic prophylaxisAntimicrobial resistanceInvasive Escherichia coli disease (IED)SepsisReal-world evidenceRetrospective study
spellingShingle Maureen P. Neary
Maryaline Catillon
Nina Ahmad
Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle
Jeroen Geurtsen
Alice Qu
Corinne Willame
Martin Cloutier
Antoine C. El Khoury
Elie Saade
Risk of Invasive Escherichia coli (E. coli) Disease After Elective Urologic Procedures Among Older Adults in the United States
Infectious Diseases and Therapy
Antibiotic prophylaxis
Antimicrobial resistance
Invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED)
Sepsis
Real-world evidence
Retrospective study
title Risk of Invasive Escherichia coli (E. coli) Disease After Elective Urologic Procedures Among Older Adults in the United States
title_full Risk of Invasive Escherichia coli (E. coli) Disease After Elective Urologic Procedures Among Older Adults in the United States
title_fullStr Risk of Invasive Escherichia coli (E. coli) Disease After Elective Urologic Procedures Among Older Adults in the United States
title_full_unstemmed Risk of Invasive Escherichia coli (E. coli) Disease After Elective Urologic Procedures Among Older Adults in the United States
title_short Risk of Invasive Escherichia coli (E. coli) Disease After Elective Urologic Procedures Among Older Adults in the United States
title_sort risk of invasive escherichia coli e coli disease after elective urologic procedures among older adults in the united states
topic Antibiotic prophylaxis
Antimicrobial resistance
Invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED)
Sepsis
Real-world evidence
Retrospective study
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01096-w
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