Stomatal and Non-Stomatal Leaf Responses during Two Sequential Water Stress Cycles in Young <i>Coffea canephora</i> Plants

Understanding the dynamics of physiological changes involved in the acclimation responses of plants after their exposure to repeated cycles of water stress is crucial to selecting resilient genotypes for regions with recurrent drought episodes. Under such background, we tried to respond to questions...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Danilo F. Baroni, Guilherme A. R. de Souza, Wallace de P. Bernado, Anne R. Santos, Larissa C. de S. Barcellos, Letícia F. T. Barcelos, Laísa Z. Correia, Claudio M. de Almeida, Abraão C. Verdin Filho, Weverton P. Rodrigues, José C. Ramalho, Miroslava Rakočević, Eliemar Campostrini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-09-01
Series:Stresses
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7140/4/3/37
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850259447292624896
author Danilo F. Baroni
Guilherme A. R. de Souza
Wallace de P. Bernado
Anne R. Santos
Larissa C. de S. Barcellos
Letícia F. T. Barcelos
Laísa Z. Correia
Claudio M. de Almeida
Abraão C. Verdin Filho
Weverton P. Rodrigues
José C. Ramalho
Miroslava Rakočević
Eliemar Campostrini
author_facet Danilo F. Baroni
Guilherme A. R. de Souza
Wallace de P. Bernado
Anne R. Santos
Larissa C. de S. Barcellos
Letícia F. T. Barcelos
Laísa Z. Correia
Claudio M. de Almeida
Abraão C. Verdin Filho
Weverton P. Rodrigues
José C. Ramalho
Miroslava Rakočević
Eliemar Campostrini
author_sort Danilo F. Baroni
collection DOAJ
description Understanding the dynamics of physiological changes involved in the acclimation responses of plants after their exposure to repeated cycles of water stress is crucial to selecting resilient genotypes for regions with recurrent drought episodes. Under such background, we tried to respond to questions as: (1) Are there differences in the stomatal-related and non-stomatal responses during water stress cycles in different clones of <i>Coffea canephora</i> Pierre ex A. Froehner? (2) Do these <i>C. canephora</i> clones show a different response in each of the two sequential water stress events? (3) Is one previous drought stress event sufficient to induce a kind of “memory” in <i>C. canephora</i>? Seven-month-old plants of two clones (’3V’ and ‘A1’, previously characterized as deeper and lesser deep root growth, respectively) were maintained well-watered (WW) or fully withholding the irrigation, inducing soil water stress (WS) until the soil matric water potential (Ψ<sub>msoil</sub>) reached ≅ −0.5 MPa (−500 kPa) at a soil depth of 500 mm. Two sequential drought events (drought-1 and drought-2) attained this Ψ<sub>msoil</sub> after 19 days and were followed by soil rewatering until a complete recovery of leaf net CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation rate (<i>A</i><sub>net</sub>) during the recovery-1 and recovery-2 events. The leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence, and leaf reflectance parameters were measured in six-day frequency, while the leaf anatomy was examined only at the end of the second drought cycle. In both drought events, the WS plants showed reduction in stomatal conductance and leaf transpiration. The reduction in internal CO<sub>2</sub> diffusion was observed in the second drought cycle, expressed by increased thickness of spongy parenchyma in both clones. Those stomatal and anatomical traits impacted decreasing the <i>A</i><sub>net</sub> in both drought events. The ‘3V’ was less influenced by water stress than the ‘A1’ genotype in <i>A</i><sub>net</sub>, effective quantum yield in PSII photochemistry, photochemical quenching, linear electron transport rate, and photochemical reflectance index during the drought-1, but during the drought-2 event such an advantage disappeared. Such physiological genotype differences were supported by the medium xylem vessel area diminished only in ‘3V’ under WS. In both drought cycles, the recovery of all observed stomatal and non-stomatal responses was usually complete after 12 days of rewatering. The absence of photochemical impacts, namely in the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemical reactions, photosynthetic performance index, and density of reaction centers capable of Q<sub>A</sub> reduction during the drought-2 event, might result from an acclimation response of the clones to WS. In the second drought cycle, the plants showed some improved responses to stress, suggesting “memory” effects as drought acclimation at a recurrent drought.
format Article
id doaj-art-4bbc76c4145641d9a450e6b9f9c4b128
institution OA Journals
issn 2673-7140
language English
publishDate 2024-09-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Stresses
spelling doaj-art-4bbc76c4145641d9a450e6b9f9c4b1282025-08-20T01:55:52ZengMDPI AGStresses2673-71402024-09-014357559710.3390/stresses4030037Stomatal and Non-Stomatal Leaf Responses during Two Sequential Water Stress Cycles in Young <i>Coffea canephora</i> PlantsDanilo F. Baroni0Guilherme A. R. de Souza1Wallace de P. Bernado2Anne R. Santos3Larissa C. de S. Barcellos4Letícia F. T. Barcelos5Laísa Z. Correia6Claudio M. de Almeida7Abraão C. Verdin Filho8Weverton P. Rodrigues9José C. Ramalho10Miroslava Rakočević11Eliemar Campostrini12Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilSetor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilSetor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilSetor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilSetor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilSetor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilSetor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilSetor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilInstituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural, Vitória 29052-010, ES, BrazilCentro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão, Avenida Agrária 100, Imperatriz, Imperatriz 65900-001, MA, BrazilLab. Interações Planta-Ambiente & Biodiversidade (PlantStress & Biodiversity), Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), 1349-017 Lisboa, PortugalSetor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilSetor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilUnderstanding the dynamics of physiological changes involved in the acclimation responses of plants after their exposure to repeated cycles of water stress is crucial to selecting resilient genotypes for regions with recurrent drought episodes. Under such background, we tried to respond to questions as: (1) Are there differences in the stomatal-related and non-stomatal responses during water stress cycles in different clones of <i>Coffea canephora</i> Pierre ex A. Froehner? (2) Do these <i>C. canephora</i> clones show a different response in each of the two sequential water stress events? (3) Is one previous drought stress event sufficient to induce a kind of “memory” in <i>C. canephora</i>? Seven-month-old plants of two clones (’3V’ and ‘A1’, previously characterized as deeper and lesser deep root growth, respectively) were maintained well-watered (WW) or fully withholding the irrigation, inducing soil water stress (WS) until the soil matric water potential (Ψ<sub>msoil</sub>) reached ≅ −0.5 MPa (−500 kPa) at a soil depth of 500 mm. Two sequential drought events (drought-1 and drought-2) attained this Ψ<sub>msoil</sub> after 19 days and were followed by soil rewatering until a complete recovery of leaf net CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation rate (<i>A</i><sub>net</sub>) during the recovery-1 and recovery-2 events. The leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence, and leaf reflectance parameters were measured in six-day frequency, while the leaf anatomy was examined only at the end of the second drought cycle. In both drought events, the WS plants showed reduction in stomatal conductance and leaf transpiration. The reduction in internal CO<sub>2</sub> diffusion was observed in the second drought cycle, expressed by increased thickness of spongy parenchyma in both clones. Those stomatal and anatomical traits impacted decreasing the <i>A</i><sub>net</sub> in both drought events. The ‘3V’ was less influenced by water stress than the ‘A1’ genotype in <i>A</i><sub>net</sub>, effective quantum yield in PSII photochemistry, photochemical quenching, linear electron transport rate, and photochemical reflectance index during the drought-1, but during the drought-2 event such an advantage disappeared. Such physiological genotype differences were supported by the medium xylem vessel area diminished only in ‘3V’ under WS. In both drought cycles, the recovery of all observed stomatal and non-stomatal responses was usually complete after 12 days of rewatering. The absence of photochemical impacts, namely in the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemical reactions, photosynthetic performance index, and density of reaction centers capable of Q<sub>A</sub> reduction during the drought-2 event, might result from an acclimation response of the clones to WS. In the second drought cycle, the plants showed some improved responses to stress, suggesting “memory” effects as drought acclimation at a recurrent drought.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7140/4/3/37coffeefluorescencegas exchangesmemory effectparenchymaxylem vessel area
spellingShingle Danilo F. Baroni
Guilherme A. R. de Souza
Wallace de P. Bernado
Anne R. Santos
Larissa C. de S. Barcellos
Letícia F. T. Barcelos
Laísa Z. Correia
Claudio M. de Almeida
Abraão C. Verdin Filho
Weverton P. Rodrigues
José C. Ramalho
Miroslava Rakočević
Eliemar Campostrini
Stomatal and Non-Stomatal Leaf Responses during Two Sequential Water Stress Cycles in Young <i>Coffea canephora</i> Plants
Stresses
coffee
fluorescence
gas exchanges
memory effect
parenchyma
xylem vessel area
title Stomatal and Non-Stomatal Leaf Responses during Two Sequential Water Stress Cycles in Young <i>Coffea canephora</i> Plants
title_full Stomatal and Non-Stomatal Leaf Responses during Two Sequential Water Stress Cycles in Young <i>Coffea canephora</i> Plants
title_fullStr Stomatal and Non-Stomatal Leaf Responses during Two Sequential Water Stress Cycles in Young <i>Coffea canephora</i> Plants
title_full_unstemmed Stomatal and Non-Stomatal Leaf Responses during Two Sequential Water Stress Cycles in Young <i>Coffea canephora</i> Plants
title_short Stomatal and Non-Stomatal Leaf Responses during Two Sequential Water Stress Cycles in Young <i>Coffea canephora</i> Plants
title_sort stomatal and non stomatal leaf responses during two sequential water stress cycles in young i coffea canephora i plants
topic coffee
fluorescence
gas exchanges
memory effect
parenchyma
xylem vessel area
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7140/4/3/37
work_keys_str_mv AT danilofbaroni stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT guilhermeardesouza stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT wallacedepbernado stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT annersantos stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT larissacdesbarcellos stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT leticiaftbarcelos stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT laisazcorreia stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT claudiomdealmeida stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT abraaocverdinfilho stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT wevertonprodrigues stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT josecramalho stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT miroslavarakocevic stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants
AT eliemarcampostrini stomatalandnonstomatalleafresponsesduringtwosequentialwaterstresscyclesinyoungicoffeacanephoraiplants