Inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L

The new gauge boson Z′ in U(1)B−L is widely considered as the mediator of dark matter. In this paper, we propose the inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L. The dark sector contains two Dirac fermions χ˜1 and χ˜2 with U(1)B−L charge 0 and −1, respectively. A Z2 symmetry is also introduced to ensure...

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Main Authors: Jing-Jing Zhang, Zhi-Long Han, Ang Liu, Feng-Lan Shao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Nuclear Physics B
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0550321325000732
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author Jing-Jing Zhang
Zhi-Long Han
Ang Liu
Feng-Lan Shao
author_facet Jing-Jing Zhang
Zhi-Long Han
Ang Liu
Feng-Lan Shao
author_sort Jing-Jing Zhang
collection DOAJ
description The new gauge boson Z′ in U(1)B−L is widely considered as the mediator of dark matter. In this paper, we propose the inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L. The dark sector contains two Dirac fermions χ˜1 and χ˜2 with U(1)B−L charge 0 and −1, respectively. A Z2 symmetry is also introduced to ensure the stability of dark matter. The mass term δmχ˜¯1χ˜2 induces the mixing of dark fermion. Then the lightest dark fermion χ1 becomes the dark matter candidate, whose coupling to Z′ is suppressed by the mixing angle θ. Instead of freezing-out via pair annihilation as χ1χ¯1→ff¯, we show that the observed relic abundance can be obtained through the processes as coannihilation χ1χ2→ff¯ and conversion χiχ2→χjχ1. We then explore the feasible parameter space of inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L. Under various experimental constraints, the inelastic Dirac dark matter prefers the region with 3×10−6≲g′≲2×10−4 and 0.02GeV≲mZ′≲10 GeV, which is within the reach of future Belle II, FASER and SHiP.
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issn 0550-3213
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publishDate 2025-05-01
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series Nuclear Physics B
spelling doaj-art-4bb46c33685047f7b499143744fde6ef2025-08-20T02:16:29ZengElsevierNuclear Physics B0550-32132025-05-01101411686410.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116864Inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−LJing-Jing Zhang0Zhi-Long Han1Ang Liu2Feng-Lan Shao3School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, ChinaSchool of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China; Corresponding author.School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, ChinaSchool of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, ChinaThe new gauge boson Z′ in U(1)B−L is widely considered as the mediator of dark matter. In this paper, we propose the inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L. The dark sector contains two Dirac fermions χ˜1 and χ˜2 with U(1)B−L charge 0 and −1, respectively. A Z2 symmetry is also introduced to ensure the stability of dark matter. The mass term δmχ˜¯1χ˜2 induces the mixing of dark fermion. Then the lightest dark fermion χ1 becomes the dark matter candidate, whose coupling to Z′ is suppressed by the mixing angle θ. Instead of freezing-out via pair annihilation as χ1χ¯1→ff¯, we show that the observed relic abundance can be obtained through the processes as coannihilation χ1χ2→ff¯ and conversion χiχ2→χjχ1. We then explore the feasible parameter space of inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L. Under various experimental constraints, the inelastic Dirac dark matter prefers the region with 3×10−6≲g′≲2×10−4 and 0.02GeV≲mZ′≲10 GeV, which is within the reach of future Belle II, FASER and SHiP.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0550321325000732
spellingShingle Jing-Jing Zhang
Zhi-Long Han
Ang Liu
Feng-Lan Shao
Inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L
Nuclear Physics B
title Inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L
title_full Inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L
title_fullStr Inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L
title_full_unstemmed Inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L
title_short Inelastic Dirac dark matter in U(1)B−L
title_sort inelastic dirac dark matter in u 1 b l
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0550321325000732
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