<i>Pinna nobilis</i>, the Vanishing Giant: A Comprehensive Review on the Decline of a Mediterranean Icon

This review addresses the critical conservation challenges faced by <i>Pinna nobilis</i>, the noble pen shell, a keystone umbrella species in Mediterranean marine ecosystems. Since 2016, the species has experienced catastrophic population declines due to mass mortality events likely driv...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Ilenia Azzena, Chiara Locci, Noemi Pascale, Ilaria Deplano, Riccardo Senigaglia, Fabio Scarpa, Marco Casu, Daria Sanna
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:	Animals
Subjects:	bivalve mollusc endangered species disease recovery conservation refugia
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/14/2044
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