A fully integrated whole-head helium OPM MEG: a performance assessment compared to cryogenic MEG

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a neuroimaging technique that measures neuronal activity at a millisecond scale. A few years ago, a new generation of MEG sensors emerged: optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs). The most common OPMs use alkali atoms as the sensing element. These alkali OPM sensors mus...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maxime Bonnet, Denis Schwartz, Tjerk Gutteling, Sebastien Daligault, Etienne Labyt
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Medical Technology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmedt.2025.1548260/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849737143222534144
author Maxime Bonnet
Maxime Bonnet
Denis Schwartz
Denis Schwartz
Tjerk Gutteling
Tjerk Gutteling
Sebastien Daligault
Etienne Labyt
author_facet Maxime Bonnet
Maxime Bonnet
Denis Schwartz
Denis Schwartz
Tjerk Gutteling
Tjerk Gutteling
Sebastien Daligault
Etienne Labyt
author_sort Maxime Bonnet
collection DOAJ
description Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a neuroimaging technique that measures neuronal activity at a millisecond scale. A few years ago, a new generation of MEG sensors emerged: optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs). The most common OPMs use alkali atoms as the sensing element. These alkali OPM sensors must be heated to approximately 150°C, in contrast to classical MEG sensors [superconducting quantum interference device MEG], which need to be cooled down to −269°C. This article focuses on a new kind of OPM that uses Helium-4 gas as the sensing element, which solves some disadvantages of alkali OPMs. 4He-OPM sensors operate at room temperature, with negligible heat dissipation (10 mW) and thus do not need thermal insulation. They also offer a large dynamic range (±200 nT) and frequency bandwidth (2,000 Hz). The main goal of this study is to characterize the performance of a whole-head MEG system based on 4He OPM sensors (4He OPM MEG). We first simulated different sensor configurations with three different numbers of channels and three different head sizes, from child to adult, in order to assess the signal-to-noise ratio and the source reconstruction accuracy. Experimental testing was also performed using a phantom to simulate brain magnetic activity. The simulation and experiments show equivalent detection capability and localization accuracy on both MEG systems. These results illustrate the benefit of 4He OPM sensors that operate at room temperature and are positioned closer to the scalp.
format Article
id doaj-art-4b9bb66168334bd58f4e1bde87efccc6
institution DOAJ
issn 2673-3129
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Medical Technology
spelling doaj-art-4b9bb66168334bd58f4e1bde87efccc62025-08-20T03:07:01ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medical Technology2673-31292025-04-01710.3389/fmedt.2025.15482601548260A fully integrated whole-head helium OPM MEG: a performance assessment compared to cryogenic MEGMaxime Bonnet0Maxime Bonnet1Denis Schwartz2Denis Schwartz3Tjerk Gutteling4Tjerk Gutteling5Sebastien Daligault6Etienne Labyt7Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM UMRS 1028, CNRS UMR5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, FranceMEG Department, CERMEP-Imagerie du Vivant, Lyon, FranceLyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM UMRS 1028, CNRS UMR5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, FranceMEG Department, CERMEP-Imagerie du Vivant, Lyon, FranceLyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM UMRS 1028, CNRS UMR5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, FranceMEG Department, CERMEP-Imagerie du Vivant, Lyon, FranceLyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM UMRS 1028, CNRS UMR5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, FranceMAG4Health, Grenoble, FranceMagnetoencephalography (MEG) is a neuroimaging technique that measures neuronal activity at a millisecond scale. A few years ago, a new generation of MEG sensors emerged: optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs). The most common OPMs use alkali atoms as the sensing element. These alkali OPM sensors must be heated to approximately 150°C, in contrast to classical MEG sensors [superconducting quantum interference device MEG], which need to be cooled down to −269°C. This article focuses on a new kind of OPM that uses Helium-4 gas as the sensing element, which solves some disadvantages of alkali OPMs. 4He-OPM sensors operate at room temperature, with negligible heat dissipation (10 mW) and thus do not need thermal insulation. They also offer a large dynamic range (±200 nT) and frequency bandwidth (2,000 Hz). The main goal of this study is to characterize the performance of a whole-head MEG system based on 4He OPM sensors (4He OPM MEG). We first simulated different sensor configurations with three different numbers of channels and three different head sizes, from child to adult, in order to assess the signal-to-noise ratio and the source reconstruction accuracy. Experimental testing was also performed using a phantom to simulate brain magnetic activity. The simulation and experiments show equivalent detection capability and localization accuracy on both MEG systems. These results illustrate the benefit of 4He OPM sensors that operate at room temperature and are positioned closer to the scalp.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmedt.2025.1548260/fullsimulationOPMMEGSQUIDhelium OPMneuroimaging
spellingShingle Maxime Bonnet
Maxime Bonnet
Denis Schwartz
Denis Schwartz
Tjerk Gutteling
Tjerk Gutteling
Sebastien Daligault
Etienne Labyt
A fully integrated whole-head helium OPM MEG: a performance assessment compared to cryogenic MEG
Frontiers in Medical Technology
simulation
OPM
MEG
SQUID
helium OPM
neuroimaging
title A fully integrated whole-head helium OPM MEG: a performance assessment compared to cryogenic MEG
title_full A fully integrated whole-head helium OPM MEG: a performance assessment compared to cryogenic MEG
title_fullStr A fully integrated whole-head helium OPM MEG: a performance assessment compared to cryogenic MEG
title_full_unstemmed A fully integrated whole-head helium OPM MEG: a performance assessment compared to cryogenic MEG
title_short A fully integrated whole-head helium OPM MEG: a performance assessment compared to cryogenic MEG
title_sort fully integrated whole head helium opm meg a performance assessment compared to cryogenic meg
topic simulation
OPM
MEG
SQUID
helium OPM
neuroimaging
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmedt.2025.1548260/full
work_keys_str_mv AT maximebonnet afullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT maximebonnet afullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT denisschwartz afullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT denisschwartz afullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT tjerkgutteling afullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT tjerkgutteling afullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT sebastiendaligault afullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT etiennelabyt afullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT maximebonnet fullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT maximebonnet fullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT denisschwartz fullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT denisschwartz fullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT tjerkgutteling fullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT tjerkgutteling fullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT sebastiendaligault fullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg
AT etiennelabyt fullyintegratedwholeheadheliumopmmegaperformanceassessmentcomparedtocryogenicmeg