Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, profile, achievement and complications in primary health care in Surabaya, Indonesia
Introduction The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to increase worldwide. Indonesia is no exception. The diagnoses of prediabetes and diabetes are increasing and seen in ever younger patients. Primary Health Care (PHC) plays a pivotal role in managing this disease in the commun...
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| Language: | English |
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European Publishing
2024-08-01
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| Series: | Population Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.populationmedicine.eu/Type-2-diabetes-mellitus-patients-profile-achievement-and-complications-in-primary,191812,0,2.html |
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| author | Linda Dewanti Mark A. Graber - Sulistiawati - Atika Adikara P. Pratama Tan N. Octora Dyah A. Prajnaparamitha Raudia F. Humaidy |
| author_facet | Linda Dewanti Mark A. Graber - Sulistiawati - Atika Adikara P. Pratama Tan N. Octora Dyah A. Prajnaparamitha Raudia F. Humaidy |
| author_sort | Linda Dewanti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM) continues to increase worldwide. Indonesia is
no exception. The diagnoses of prediabetes and diabetes
are increasing and seen in ever younger patients. Primary
Health Care (PHC) plays a pivotal role in managing this
disease in the community. This study aimed to determine
the achievement therapy of T2DM patients in a PHC center
in Surabaya, the second most populous city in Indonesia.
Methods
The design of this study was cross-sectional.
T2DM patients who made regular visits to a PHC center in
2018 were included in this study after providing informed
consent. Respondent characteristics (age, education level,
family history of T2DM, physical activity, nutrient intake), as
well as BMI, blood pressure, and laboratory data, including
fasting plasma glucose (FPG), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c),
serum creatinine, and albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR),
were collected. Simple correlation and multiple regression
analyses were performed by SPSS 17.0.0
Results
The mean age of the patients was 60.9 ± 10.0 years,
and participants had been diagnosed with T2DM for a mean
of 6.9 ± 8.3 years. The therapeutic goal (FPG ≤130 mg/dL and
HbA1c <7%) was achieved in 30.9% and 23.8% of patients,
respectively. Early microvascular abnormality screening
(ACR) showed that 70.9% of the patients had increased ACR,
while serum creatinine level was found to be high in 22.8% of
the patients. FPG correlated to HbA1c, serum creatinine and
ACR (r=0.64, p<0.001; r=0.39, p=0.001; and r=0.25, p=0.03,
respectively).
Conclusions
The majority of T2DM patients in our sample
did not achieve their therapeutic goals in terms of FPG and
HbA1c. Those who did not achieve FPG goals were less likely
to meet ACR goals and were less likely to have normal serum
creatinine, most probably reflecting a pattern of poor longterm
follow-up. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4b8a7ae8353c46c0af6d7f27293edec4 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2654-1459 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-08-01 |
| publisher | European Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Population Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-4b8a7ae8353c46c0af6d7f27293edec42025-08-20T02:41:46ZengEuropean PublishingPopulation Medicine2654-14592024-08-016August1710.18332/popmed/191812191812Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, profile, achievement and complications in primary health care in Surabaya, IndonesiaLinda Dewanti0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-0309Mark A. Graber1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-9572- Sulistiawati2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-6679- Atika3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8319-4135Adikara P. Pratama4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9811-7685Tan N. Octora5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8754-8359Dyah A. Prajnaparamitha6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5313-9415Raudia F. Humaidy7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8512-0532Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, United StatesDepartment of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaDepartment of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaDepartment of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaDepartment of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaDepartment of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaDepartment of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaIntroduction The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to increase worldwide. Indonesia is no exception. The diagnoses of prediabetes and diabetes are increasing and seen in ever younger patients. Primary Health Care (PHC) plays a pivotal role in managing this disease in the community. This study aimed to determine the achievement therapy of T2DM patients in a PHC center in Surabaya, the second most populous city in Indonesia. Methods The design of this study was cross-sectional. T2DM patients who made regular visits to a PHC center in 2018 were included in this study after providing informed consent. Respondent characteristics (age, education level, family history of T2DM, physical activity, nutrient intake), as well as BMI, blood pressure, and laboratory data, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), serum creatinine, and albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR), were collected. Simple correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed by SPSS 17.0.0 Results The mean age of the patients was 60.9 ± 10.0 years, and participants had been diagnosed with T2DM for a mean of 6.9 ± 8.3 years. The therapeutic goal (FPG ≤130 mg/dL and HbA1c <7%) was achieved in 30.9% and 23.8% of patients, respectively. Early microvascular abnormality screening (ACR) showed that 70.9% of the patients had increased ACR, while serum creatinine level was found to be high in 22.8% of the patients. FPG correlated to HbA1c, serum creatinine and ACR (r=0.64, p<0.001; r=0.39, p=0.001; and r=0.25, p=0.03, respectively). Conclusions The majority of T2DM patients in our sample did not achieve their therapeutic goals in terms of FPG and HbA1c. Those who did not achieve FPG goals were less likely to meet ACR goals and were less likely to have normal serum creatinine, most probably reflecting a pattern of poor longterm follow-up.https://www.populationmedicine.eu/Type-2-diabetes-mellitus-patients-profile-achievement-and-complications-in-primary,191812,0,2.htmltype 2 diabetes mellitusprimary health careplasma glucosehba1calbumin to creatinine ratiocompliance |
| spellingShingle | Linda Dewanti Mark A. Graber - Sulistiawati - Atika Adikara P. Pratama Tan N. Octora Dyah A. Prajnaparamitha Raudia F. Humaidy Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, profile, achievement and complications in primary health care in Surabaya, Indonesia Population Medicine type 2 diabetes mellitus primary health care plasma glucose hba1c albumin to creatinine ratio compliance |
| title | Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, profile, achievement and complications in primary health care in Surabaya, Indonesia |
| title_full | Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, profile, achievement and complications in primary health care in Surabaya, Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, profile, achievement and complications in primary health care in Surabaya, Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, profile, achievement and complications in primary health care in Surabaya, Indonesia |
| title_short | Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, profile, achievement and complications in primary health care in Surabaya, Indonesia |
| title_sort | type 2 diabetes mellitus patients profile achievement and complications in primary health care in surabaya indonesia |
| topic | type 2 diabetes mellitus primary health care plasma glucose hba1c albumin to creatinine ratio compliance |
| url | https://www.populationmedicine.eu/Type-2-diabetes-mellitus-patients-profile-achievement-and-complications-in-primary,191812,0,2.html |
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