Phenological growth stages of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.): An extended BBCH scale
In recent years, the cultivation of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum MOENCH) has regained attention in Germany due to shifting dietary preferences and the demand for diversification of crop rotations. However, its low profitability, lack of sales markets and governmental support, processing...
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Julius Kühn-Institut
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Journal für Kulturpflanzen |
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| Online Access: | https://ojs.openagrar.de/index.php/Kulturpflanzenjournal/article/view/17851 |
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| author | Samantha Jo Grimes Clemens Baier Jens Hartung Carl Friedrich Horst Longin Simone Graeff-Hönninger |
| author_facet | Samantha Jo Grimes Clemens Baier Jens Hartung Carl Friedrich Horst Longin Simone Graeff-Hönninger |
| author_sort | Samantha Jo Grimes |
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In recent years, the cultivation of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum MOENCH) has regained attention in Germany due to shifting dietary preferences and the demand for diversification of crop rotations. However, its low profitability, lack of sales markets and governmental support, processing challenges (such as dehulling), and limited consumer awareness of this historical niche crop continue to hinder large-scale cultivation in Germany. The absence of growth stage-specific management recommendations further complicates this issue. For the first time, this study introduces an extended BBCH scale (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) outlining nine principal phenological developmental stages of common buckwheat. Developmental stages were determined by visual assessment of three defined plants per plot, in parallel with the overall visual assessment of the stand. The cultivar ‘Dikul’ was chosen as a reference variety as it combines the advantages of more homogeneous and earlier ripening with reliable yields of 20–25 dt ha-1 in previous trials, making it a relevant choice in agricultural practice. In addition, the developmental stages were recorded using accumulated growing degree-days. The provided code serves as an essential guideline for agronomic management protocols, facilitating the incorporation of buckwheat into diversified crop rotations and addressing the challenges posed by climate change and variable environmental conditions.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4b54503d88e74eb0b676a67e073c3ea1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1867-0911 1867-0938 |
| language | deu |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Julius Kühn-Institut |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal für Kulturpflanzen |
| spelling | doaj-art-4b54503d88e74eb0b676a67e073c3ea12025-08-20T03:35:50ZdeuJulius Kühn-InstitutJournal für Kulturpflanzen1867-09111867-09382025-07-01770110.5073/JfK.2025.01.11Phenological growth stages of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.): An extended BBCH scaleSamantha Jo Grimes0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9873-9951Clemens Baier1Jens Hartung2Carl Friedrich Horst Longin3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0737-1651Simone Graeff-Hönninger4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9996-961XDepartment of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany. Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany. In recent years, the cultivation of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum MOENCH) has regained attention in Germany due to shifting dietary preferences and the demand for diversification of crop rotations. However, its low profitability, lack of sales markets and governmental support, processing challenges (such as dehulling), and limited consumer awareness of this historical niche crop continue to hinder large-scale cultivation in Germany. The absence of growth stage-specific management recommendations further complicates this issue. For the first time, this study introduces an extended BBCH scale (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) outlining nine principal phenological developmental stages of common buckwheat. Developmental stages were determined by visual assessment of three defined plants per plot, in parallel with the overall visual assessment of the stand. The cultivar ‘Dikul’ was chosen as a reference variety as it combines the advantages of more homogeneous and earlier ripening with reliable yields of 20–25 dt ha-1 in previous trials, making it a relevant choice in agricultural practice. In addition, the developmental stages were recorded using accumulated growing degree-days. The provided code serves as an essential guideline for agronomic management protocols, facilitating the incorporation of buckwheat into diversified crop rotations and addressing the challenges posed by climate change and variable environmental conditions. https://ojs.openagrar.de/index.php/Kulturpflanzenjournal/article/view/17851BBCH scale, Growth stage, Buckwheat cultivation, Phenology |
| spellingShingle | Samantha Jo Grimes Clemens Baier Jens Hartung Carl Friedrich Horst Longin Simone Graeff-Hönninger Phenological growth stages of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.): An extended BBCH scale Journal für Kulturpflanzen BBCH scale, Growth stage, Buckwheat cultivation, Phenology |
| title | Phenological growth stages of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.): An extended BBCH scale |
| title_full | Phenological growth stages of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.): An extended BBCH scale |
| title_fullStr | Phenological growth stages of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.): An extended BBCH scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenological growth stages of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.): An extended BBCH scale |
| title_short | Phenological growth stages of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.): An extended BBCH scale |
| title_sort | phenological growth stages of common buckwheat fagopyrum esculentum moench an extended bbch scale |
| topic | BBCH scale, Growth stage, Buckwheat cultivation, Phenology |
| url | https://ojs.openagrar.de/index.php/Kulturpflanzenjournal/article/view/17851 |
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