Factors Affecting the Absorption of Subcutaneously Administered Insulin: Effect on Variability
Variability in the effect of subcutaneously administered insulin represents a major challenge in insulin therapy where precise dosing is required in order to achieve targeted glucose levels. Since this variability is largely influenced by the absorption of insulin, a deeper understanding of the fact...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Diabetes Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1205121 |
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| author | A. K. J. Gradel T. Porsgaard J. Lykkesfeldt T. Seested S. Gram-Nielsen N. R. Kristensen H. H. F. Refsgaard |
| author_facet | A. K. J. Gradel T. Porsgaard J. Lykkesfeldt T. Seested S. Gram-Nielsen N. R. Kristensen H. H. F. Refsgaard |
| author_sort | A. K. J. Gradel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Variability in the effect of subcutaneously administered insulin represents a major challenge in insulin therapy where precise dosing is required in order to achieve targeted glucose levels. Since this variability is largely influenced by the absorption of insulin, a deeper understanding of the factors affecting the absorption of insulin from the subcutaneous tissue is necessary in order to improve glycaemic control and the long-term prognosis in people with diabetes. These factors can be related to either the insulin preparation, the injection site/patient, or the injection technique. This review highlights the factors affecting insulin absorption with special attention on the physiological factors at the injection site. In addition, it also provides a detailed description of the insulin absorption process and the various modifications to this process that have been utilized by the different insulin preparations available. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4b3ddd28a2644d52a239707a414fd173 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-6745 2314-6753 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Diabetes Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-4b3ddd28a2644d52a239707a414fd1732025-08-20T03:36:27ZengWileyJournal of Diabetes Research2314-67452314-67532018-01-01201810.1155/2018/12051211205121Factors Affecting the Absorption of Subcutaneously Administered Insulin: Effect on VariabilityA. K. J. Gradel0T. Porsgaard1J. Lykkesfeldt2T. Seested3S. Gram-Nielsen4N. R. Kristensen5H. H. F. Refsgaard6Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkInsulin Research, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760 Måløv, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Histology and Imaging, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760 Måløv, DenmarkInsulin Research, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760 Måløv, DenmarkQuantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Vandtårnsvej 108, 2860 Søborg, DenmarkInsulin Research, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760 Måløv, DenmarkVariability in the effect of subcutaneously administered insulin represents a major challenge in insulin therapy where precise dosing is required in order to achieve targeted glucose levels. Since this variability is largely influenced by the absorption of insulin, a deeper understanding of the factors affecting the absorption of insulin from the subcutaneous tissue is necessary in order to improve glycaemic control and the long-term prognosis in people with diabetes. These factors can be related to either the insulin preparation, the injection site/patient, or the injection technique. This review highlights the factors affecting insulin absorption with special attention on the physiological factors at the injection site. In addition, it also provides a detailed description of the insulin absorption process and the various modifications to this process that have been utilized by the different insulin preparations available.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1205121 |
| spellingShingle | A. K. J. Gradel T. Porsgaard J. Lykkesfeldt T. Seested S. Gram-Nielsen N. R. Kristensen H. H. F. Refsgaard Factors Affecting the Absorption of Subcutaneously Administered Insulin: Effect on Variability Journal of Diabetes Research |
| title | Factors Affecting the Absorption of Subcutaneously Administered Insulin: Effect on Variability |
| title_full | Factors Affecting the Absorption of Subcutaneously Administered Insulin: Effect on Variability |
| title_fullStr | Factors Affecting the Absorption of Subcutaneously Administered Insulin: Effect on Variability |
| title_full_unstemmed | Factors Affecting the Absorption of Subcutaneously Administered Insulin: Effect on Variability |
| title_short | Factors Affecting the Absorption of Subcutaneously Administered Insulin: Effect on Variability |
| title_sort | factors affecting the absorption of subcutaneously administered insulin effect on variability |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1205121 |
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