Canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the right Rindler-wedge in the Rindler coordinates
Abstract In this study, the canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the Lorentz-covariant gauge in the right Rindler-wedge (RRW) of the four-dimensional Rindler coordinates is performed. Specifically, we obtain the gauge-fixed Lagrangian by the Lorentz-covariant gauge in the RRW of the Rin...
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SpringerOpen
2024-12-01
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| Series: | European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13395-0 |
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| author | Shingo Takeuchi |
| author_facet | Shingo Takeuchi |
| author_sort | Shingo Takeuchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In this study, the canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the Lorentz-covariant gauge in the right Rindler-wedge (RRW) of the four-dimensional Rindler coordinates is performed. Specifically, we obtain the gauge-fixed Lagrangian by the Lorentz-covariant gauge in the RRW of the Rindler coordinates, which is composed of the U(1) gauge field and B-field. Then, we obtain the mode-solutions of the U(1) gauge field and B-field by solving the equations of motion obtained from that gauge-fixed Lagrangian. Subsequently, defining the Klein–Gordon inner-product in the RRW of the Rindler coordinates, we determine the normalization constants of all directions of the mode-solutions of the U(1) gauge field and B-field. Then, for the U(1) gauge field given by those normalized mode-expanded solutions, we obtain the commutation relations of the creation and annihilation operators defined in the RRW of the Rindler coordinates by formulating the canonical commutation relations. In addition, we provide a polarization vector for the annihilation operators obtained in this way. Using these result, we show that the Minkowski ground state can be expressed as the outer-product of the left and right Rindler-wedges state on which those creation and annihilation operators act. Then, tracing out the left Rindler states of that Minkowski ground state, we obtain the density matrix of the U(1) gauge field in the RRW. From this, we show that the U(1) gauge field in a constant accelerated system will feel the Unruh temperature as well. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4b2a18bac45541b7bb7dfed498ac7a11 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1434-6052 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields |
| spelling | doaj-art-4b2a18bac45541b7bb7dfed498ac7a112025-02-02T12:39:39ZengSpringerOpenEuropean Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields1434-60522024-12-01841212110.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13395-0Canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the right Rindler-wedge in the Rindler coordinatesShingo Takeuchi0Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan UniversityAbstract In this study, the canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the Lorentz-covariant gauge in the right Rindler-wedge (RRW) of the four-dimensional Rindler coordinates is performed. Specifically, we obtain the gauge-fixed Lagrangian by the Lorentz-covariant gauge in the RRW of the Rindler coordinates, which is composed of the U(1) gauge field and B-field. Then, we obtain the mode-solutions of the U(1) gauge field and B-field by solving the equations of motion obtained from that gauge-fixed Lagrangian. Subsequently, defining the Klein–Gordon inner-product in the RRW of the Rindler coordinates, we determine the normalization constants of all directions of the mode-solutions of the U(1) gauge field and B-field. Then, for the U(1) gauge field given by those normalized mode-expanded solutions, we obtain the commutation relations of the creation and annihilation operators defined in the RRW of the Rindler coordinates by formulating the canonical commutation relations. In addition, we provide a polarization vector for the annihilation operators obtained in this way. Using these result, we show that the Minkowski ground state can be expressed as the outer-product of the left and right Rindler-wedges state on which those creation and annihilation operators act. Then, tracing out the left Rindler states of that Minkowski ground state, we obtain the density matrix of the U(1) gauge field in the RRW. From this, we show that the U(1) gauge field in a constant accelerated system will feel the Unruh temperature as well.https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13395-0 |
| spellingShingle | Shingo Takeuchi Canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the right Rindler-wedge in the Rindler coordinates European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields |
| title | Canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the right Rindler-wedge in the Rindler coordinates |
| title_full | Canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the right Rindler-wedge in the Rindler coordinates |
| title_fullStr | Canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the right Rindler-wedge in the Rindler coordinates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the right Rindler-wedge in the Rindler coordinates |
| title_short | Canonical quantization of the U(1) gauge field in the right Rindler-wedge in the Rindler coordinates |
| title_sort | canonical quantization of the u 1 gauge field in the right rindler wedge in the rindler coordinates |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13395-0 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shingotakeuchi canonicalquantizationoftheu1gaugefieldintherightrindlerwedgeintherindlercoordinates |