Relative Preference for In-Person, Telehealth, Digital, and Pharmacologic Mental Health Care After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
BackgroundMost adults and children in the United States fail to receive timely care for mental health symptoms, with even worse rates of care access for individuals who belong to racial and ethnic minority groups. Digital (ie, app-based) care has proven to be an efficacious a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JMIR Publications
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Medical Internet Research |
| Online Access: | https://www.jmir.org/2025/1/e54608 |
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| author | E Marie Parsons Zoë G Figueroa Michele Hiserodt Talea Cornelius Michael W Otto |
| author_facet | E Marie Parsons Zoë G Figueroa Michele Hiserodt Talea Cornelius Michael W Otto |
| author_sort | E Marie Parsons |
| collection | DOAJ |
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BackgroundMost adults and children in the United States fail to receive timely care for mental health symptoms, with even worse rates of care access for individuals who belong to racial and ethnic minority groups. Digital (ie, app-based) care has proven to be an efficacious and empirically supported treatment option with the potential to address low rates of care and reduce care disparities, yet little is known about the relative preference for such treatment. Furthermore, the rapid adoption of telehealth care during the COVID-19 pandemic may have shifted care preferences.
ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine relative treatment preferences for 4 different types of mental health care: in-person psychological care, telehealth psychological care, digital treatment, or pharmacologic care. Care preferences were also examined relative to potential predictors of care use (ie, gender, race, age, stigma, discrimination, and level of shame).
MethodsIn this cross-sectional online survey study of adults (N=237, mean age 35 years, range 19-68 years), we ranked 4 mental health care modalities based on care preference: (1) in-person care, (2) telehealth care, (3) digital care, and (4) pharmacologic care. Preference for treatment modality was assessed based on vignette presentation for generalized anxiety disorder and insomnia. In addition, participants completed self-report questionnaires for demographics, symptom severity, and psychological and stigma-related variables.
ResultsWe found no difference in overall preference for in-person versus both telehealth and digital care. For both generalized anxiety disorder and insomnia, participants preferred in-person care to telehealth care, although this finding was attenuated amongst older participants for insomnia treatment. Participants’ depressed mood was associated with a greater relative preference for pharmacologic care. There was no evidence of differential preference for digital care according to demographics, symptom severity, or psychological and stigma-related variables.
ConclusionsThese results indicate that digital care now competes well in terms of treatment preference with in-person, telehealth, and pharmacologic treatment options. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4ae9db1978e04289a4301b9db359429f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1438-8871 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | JMIR Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Medical Internet Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-4ae9db1978e04289a4301b9db359429f2025-08-20T03:11:33ZengJMIR PublicationsJournal of Medical Internet Research1438-88712025-02-0127e5460810.2196/54608Relative Preference for In-Person, Telehealth, Digital, and Pharmacologic Mental Health Care After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire StudyE Marie Parsonshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-7964Zoë G Figueroahttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-3917-9711Michele Hiserodthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7381-3454Talea Corneliushttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-0981Michael W Ottohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8915-7578 BackgroundMost adults and children in the United States fail to receive timely care for mental health symptoms, with even worse rates of care access for individuals who belong to racial and ethnic minority groups. Digital (ie, app-based) care has proven to be an efficacious and empirically supported treatment option with the potential to address low rates of care and reduce care disparities, yet little is known about the relative preference for such treatment. Furthermore, the rapid adoption of telehealth care during the COVID-19 pandemic may have shifted care preferences. ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine relative treatment preferences for 4 different types of mental health care: in-person psychological care, telehealth psychological care, digital treatment, or pharmacologic care. Care preferences were also examined relative to potential predictors of care use (ie, gender, race, age, stigma, discrimination, and level of shame). MethodsIn this cross-sectional online survey study of adults (N=237, mean age 35 years, range 19-68 years), we ranked 4 mental health care modalities based on care preference: (1) in-person care, (2) telehealth care, (3) digital care, and (4) pharmacologic care. Preference for treatment modality was assessed based on vignette presentation for generalized anxiety disorder and insomnia. In addition, participants completed self-report questionnaires for demographics, symptom severity, and psychological and stigma-related variables. ResultsWe found no difference in overall preference for in-person versus both telehealth and digital care. For both generalized anxiety disorder and insomnia, participants preferred in-person care to telehealth care, although this finding was attenuated amongst older participants for insomnia treatment. Participants’ depressed mood was associated with a greater relative preference for pharmacologic care. There was no evidence of differential preference for digital care according to demographics, symptom severity, or psychological and stigma-related variables. ConclusionsThese results indicate that digital care now competes well in terms of treatment preference with in-person, telehealth, and pharmacologic treatment options.https://www.jmir.org/2025/1/e54608 |
| spellingShingle | E Marie Parsons Zoë G Figueroa Michele Hiserodt Talea Cornelius Michael W Otto Relative Preference for In-Person, Telehealth, Digital, and Pharmacologic Mental Health Care After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study Journal of Medical Internet Research |
| title | Relative Preference for In-Person, Telehealth, Digital, and Pharmacologic Mental Health Care After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study |
| title_full | Relative Preference for In-Person, Telehealth, Digital, and Pharmacologic Mental Health Care After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study |
| title_fullStr | Relative Preference for In-Person, Telehealth, Digital, and Pharmacologic Mental Health Care After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relative Preference for In-Person, Telehealth, Digital, and Pharmacologic Mental Health Care After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study |
| title_short | Relative Preference for In-Person, Telehealth, Digital, and Pharmacologic Mental Health Care After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study |
| title_sort | relative preference for in person telehealth digital and pharmacologic mental health care after the covid 19 pandemic cross sectional questionnaire study |
| url | https://www.jmir.org/2025/1/e54608 |
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