Breeding Brassica juncea hybrids with higher seed weight and oil content: Defining criteria for selection of parents

Most of the released high-yielding hybrids of Brassica juncea have a low 1000-seed weight (TSW) with no increment in the percent oil content (OC), and, therefore, these hybrids have poor acceptance among the farmers in India. It is, thus, imperative to understand the genetic basis of these traits an...

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Main Authors: Mohit Sharma, Prashant Vasisth, Gokulan Dhanasekaran, Mohan Lal Meena, Omkar Maharudra Limbalkar, Bhaskar Chandra Sahoo, Neeraj Kumar, Joghee Nanjundan, Rajendra Singh, Ram Avtar, Anshul Watts, Naveen Singh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Heliyon
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024165863
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author Mohit Sharma
Prashant Vasisth
Gokulan Dhanasekaran
Mohan Lal Meena
Omkar Maharudra Limbalkar
Bhaskar Chandra Sahoo
Neeraj Kumar
Joghee Nanjundan
Rajendra Singh
Ram Avtar
Anshul Watts
Naveen Singh
author_facet Mohit Sharma
Prashant Vasisth
Gokulan Dhanasekaran
Mohan Lal Meena
Omkar Maharudra Limbalkar
Bhaskar Chandra Sahoo
Neeraj Kumar
Joghee Nanjundan
Rajendra Singh
Ram Avtar
Anshul Watts
Naveen Singh
author_sort Mohit Sharma
collection DOAJ
description Most of the released high-yielding hybrids of Brassica juncea have a low 1000-seed weight (TSW) with no increment in the percent oil content (OC), and, therefore, these hybrids have poor acceptance among the farmers in India. It is, thus, imperative to understand the genetic basis of these traits and deploy them in commercial hybrid breeding programs. The present study utilized a set of 15 diverse B. juncea genotypes with TSW and OC ranging from 1.32 to 8.26 g and 31.93–43.39 %, respectively, to generate 210 hybrids following a full diallel mating scheme. These hybrids along with their parents, were evaluated in three different environments. Inheritance of TSW suggests the predominance of additive gene action, whereas non-additive gene action was observed to regulate OC. Further, TSW and OC were reported to be influenced by maternal and non-maternal effects, respectively. Parents with bold seeds viz., NPJ 253, RH 761 and EC 223389 were identified as good general combiners for both the traits. Hybrid generated from the cross NPJ 253 x NPJ 161, with both parents having high seed weights, exhibited the highest mean values (8.43 g) and heterobeltiosis (17.2 %) for TSW. Whereas, hybrid between parents NPJ 253 and IC 426372, possessing high and low seed weights, respectively, observed the highest mean value (44.95 %) and heterobeltiosis (14.89 %) for OC. Keeping both TSW and OC together, hybrids viz., NPJ 253 x EC 223389 (H1), NPJ 253 x NPJ 161 (H2) and NPJ 253 x Pusa Tarak (H4) were identified as promising using the Multi-trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index. Lines with higher TSW and better combining ability for OC shall be converted to male and/or female lines for generating commercial hybrids. The scheme for deploying higher seed weight and improved oil content in B. juncea hybrids is discussed.
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spelling doaj-art-4ad339d3b5414c4cac3bb2b83ea8fd382025-08-20T02:49:49ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402024-12-011023e4055510.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40555Breeding Brassica juncea hybrids with higher seed weight and oil content: Defining criteria for selection of parentsMohit Sharma0Prashant Vasisth1Gokulan Dhanasekaran2Mohan Lal Meena3Omkar Maharudra Limbalkar4Bhaskar Chandra Sahoo5Neeraj Kumar6Joghee Nanjundan7Rajendra Singh8Ram Avtar9Anshul Watts10Naveen Singh11Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India; ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, IndiaDivision of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IndiaICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Wellington, IndiaDivision of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IndiaICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India; Corresponding author.Most of the released high-yielding hybrids of Brassica juncea have a low 1000-seed weight (TSW) with no increment in the percent oil content (OC), and, therefore, these hybrids have poor acceptance among the farmers in India. It is, thus, imperative to understand the genetic basis of these traits and deploy them in commercial hybrid breeding programs. The present study utilized a set of 15 diverse B. juncea genotypes with TSW and OC ranging from 1.32 to 8.26 g and 31.93–43.39 %, respectively, to generate 210 hybrids following a full diallel mating scheme. These hybrids along with their parents, were evaluated in three different environments. Inheritance of TSW suggests the predominance of additive gene action, whereas non-additive gene action was observed to regulate OC. Further, TSW and OC were reported to be influenced by maternal and non-maternal effects, respectively. Parents with bold seeds viz., NPJ 253, RH 761 and EC 223389 were identified as good general combiners for both the traits. Hybrid generated from the cross NPJ 253 x NPJ 161, with both parents having high seed weights, exhibited the highest mean values (8.43 g) and heterobeltiosis (17.2 %) for TSW. Whereas, hybrid between parents NPJ 253 and IC 426372, possessing high and low seed weights, respectively, observed the highest mean value (44.95 %) and heterobeltiosis (14.89 %) for OC. Keeping both TSW and OC together, hybrids viz., NPJ 253 x EC 223389 (H1), NPJ 253 x NPJ 161 (H2) and NPJ 253 x Pusa Tarak (H4) were identified as promising using the Multi-trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index. Lines with higher TSW and better combining ability for OC shall be converted to male and/or female lines for generating commercial hybrids. The scheme for deploying higher seed weight and improved oil content in B. juncea hybrids is discussed.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024165863Brassica junceaHybrid1000-Seed weightOil contentCombining abilityReciprocal differences
spellingShingle Mohit Sharma
Prashant Vasisth
Gokulan Dhanasekaran
Mohan Lal Meena
Omkar Maharudra Limbalkar
Bhaskar Chandra Sahoo
Neeraj Kumar
Joghee Nanjundan
Rajendra Singh
Ram Avtar
Anshul Watts
Naveen Singh
Breeding Brassica juncea hybrids with higher seed weight and oil content: Defining criteria for selection of parents
Heliyon
Brassica juncea
Hybrid
1000-Seed weight
Oil content
Combining ability
Reciprocal differences
title Breeding Brassica juncea hybrids with higher seed weight and oil content: Defining criteria for selection of parents
title_full Breeding Brassica juncea hybrids with higher seed weight and oil content: Defining criteria for selection of parents
title_fullStr Breeding Brassica juncea hybrids with higher seed weight and oil content: Defining criteria for selection of parents
title_full_unstemmed Breeding Brassica juncea hybrids with higher seed weight and oil content: Defining criteria for selection of parents
title_short Breeding Brassica juncea hybrids with higher seed weight and oil content: Defining criteria for selection of parents
title_sort breeding brassica juncea hybrids with higher seed weight and oil content defining criteria for selection of parents
topic Brassica juncea
Hybrid
1000-Seed weight
Oil content
Combining ability
Reciprocal differences
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024165863
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