Ultrasound-assisted extraction of peanut shell by-product: Chemical properties, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects
Peanut shell by-products have been explored for their pharmacological potential, particularly through applications developed from their utilization. This study aimed to investigate the effects of peanut shell extract (UPE) obtained via ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)...
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University of Belgrade, University of Novi Sad
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Archives of Biological Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0354-4664/2024/0354-46642400025K.pdf |
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| author | Kang Jung Wook Lee In Chul |
| author_facet | Kang Jung Wook Lee In Chul |
| author_sort | Kang Jung Wook |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Peanut shell by-products have been explored for their pharmacological potential, particularly through applications developed from their utilization. This study aimed to investigate the effects of peanut shell extract (UPE) obtained via ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed elevated levels of luteolin in the ultrasound-extracted peanut shell extract (UPE). UPE demonstrated significant in vitro antioxidant activity, as evidenced by its ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals. The anti-inflammatory effects of UPE were assessed using the nitric oxide (NO) Griess assay, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to evaluate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). UPE significantly reduced NO, PGE2, and IL-6 levels in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting potent anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, UPE downregulated the expression of iNOS and COX-2, thereby suppressing NO and PGE2 production. These findings indicate that peanut shell extracts obtained through UAE have therapeutic potential due to their enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, likely attributed to increased levels of luteolin. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4a9d492116914b469fab674dd2ba65c4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0354-4664 1821-4339 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | University of Belgrade, University of Novi Sad |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Biological Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-4a9d492116914b469fab674dd2ba65c42025-01-30T06:38:33ZengUniversity of Belgrade, University of Novi SadArchives of Biological Sciences0354-46641821-43392024-01-0176333534310.2298/ABS240704025K0354-46642400025KUltrasound-assisted extraction of peanut shell by-product: Chemical properties, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effectsKang Jung Wook0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0089-728XLee In Chul1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7314-9098College of Fusion and Convergence, Seowon University, Musimseoro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Seowon University, Musimseoro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of KoreaPeanut shell by-products have been explored for their pharmacological potential, particularly through applications developed from their utilization. This study aimed to investigate the effects of peanut shell extract (UPE) obtained via ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed elevated levels of luteolin in the ultrasound-extracted peanut shell extract (UPE). UPE demonstrated significant in vitro antioxidant activity, as evidenced by its ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals. The anti-inflammatory effects of UPE were assessed using the nitric oxide (NO) Griess assay, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to evaluate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). UPE significantly reduced NO, PGE2, and IL-6 levels in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting potent anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, UPE downregulated the expression of iNOS and COX-2, thereby suppressing NO and PGE2 production. These findings indicate that peanut shell extracts obtained through UAE have therapeutic potential due to their enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, likely attributed to increased levels of luteolin.https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0354-4664/2024/0354-46642400025K.pdfpeanut shellultrasound-assisted extractionluteolinantioxidantanti-inflammatory |
| spellingShingle | Kang Jung Wook Lee In Chul Ultrasound-assisted extraction of peanut shell by-product: Chemical properties, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects Archives of Biological Sciences peanut shell ultrasound-assisted extraction luteolin antioxidant anti-inflammatory |
| title | Ultrasound-assisted extraction of peanut shell by-product: Chemical properties, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects |
| title_full | Ultrasound-assisted extraction of peanut shell by-product: Chemical properties, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects |
| title_fullStr | Ultrasound-assisted extraction of peanut shell by-product: Chemical properties, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrasound-assisted extraction of peanut shell by-product: Chemical properties, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects |
| title_short | Ultrasound-assisted extraction of peanut shell by-product: Chemical properties, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects |
| title_sort | ultrasound assisted extraction of peanut shell by product chemical properties antioxidant and anti inflammatory effects |
| topic | peanut shell ultrasound-assisted extraction luteolin antioxidant anti-inflammatory |
| url | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0354-4664/2024/0354-46642400025K.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kangjungwook ultrasoundassistedextractionofpeanutshellbyproductchemicalpropertiesantioxidantandantiinflammatoryeffects AT leeinchul ultrasoundassistedextractionofpeanutshellbyproductchemicalpropertiesantioxidantandantiinflammatoryeffects |