Current and Future Global Burden of Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer: A Population-Based Study

PURPOSEEarly-onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) is an emerging global health concern, defined as pancreatic cancer (PC) diagnosed before age 50 years. This study aims to evaluate global trends in EOPC incidence, mortality, and associated risk factors, with projections of future burden through 2040.METHO...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lucas Diniz da Conceição, Luís Felipe Leite da Silva, Mariana Macambira Noronha, Marcos Belotto, Thais Baccili Cury Megid, Renata D'Alpino Peixoto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Society of Clinical Oncology 2025-04-01
Series:JCO Global Oncology
Online Access:https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/GO-25-00016
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850134073803014144
author Lucas Diniz da Conceição
Luís Felipe Leite da Silva
Mariana Macambira Noronha
Marcos Belotto
Thais Baccili Cury Megid
Renata D'Alpino Peixoto
author_facet Lucas Diniz da Conceição
Luís Felipe Leite da Silva
Mariana Macambira Noronha
Marcos Belotto
Thais Baccili Cury Megid
Renata D'Alpino Peixoto
author_sort Lucas Diniz da Conceição
collection DOAJ
description PURPOSEEarly-onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) is an emerging global health concern, defined as pancreatic cancer (PC) diagnosed before age 50 years. This study aims to evaluate global trends in EOPC incidence, mortality, and associated risk factors, with projections of future burden through 2040.METHODSA population-based analysis was conducted using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 data set, encompassing data from 204 countries and territories. EOPC was defined as PC diagnosed in individuals age 15-49 years. Statistical analyses and visualizations were performed using R (version 4.3.2) and Python (version 3.11).RESULTSGlobally, EOPC incident cases increased 1.63-fold from 19,366 in 1990 to 31,531 in 2021. Mortality rose by 57% during the same period, with a total of 26,996 deaths in 2021. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates declined slightly, reflecting demographic changes and population growth. Middle Sociodemographic Index (SDI) regions exhibited the most rapid increases in both cases and deaths. In 2021, smoking accounted for 8.1% of EOPC deaths, whereas high fasting plasma glucose and high BMI contributed to 6.3% and 5.7% of deaths, respectively. Projections indicate a 10.6% global increase in EOPC cases and deaths by 2040, with the largest absolute increases expected in low-middle SDI regions.CONCLUSIONEOPC incidence and mortality are rising globally, with middle and low-middle SDI regions facing the most rapid increases and projected to carry the greatest burden by 2040. These findings emphasize the need for primary prevention, access to diagnostics, and equitable health care systems. Addressing modifiable risk factors, such as smoking and metabolic syndrome, will be critical in reducing the overall impact of EOPC.
format Article
id doaj-art-4a503e5ff81147f4b755efc2cda180b6
institution OA Journals
issn 2687-8941
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher American Society of Clinical Oncology
record_format Article
series JCO Global Oncology
spelling doaj-art-4a503e5ff81147f4b755efc2cda180b62025-08-20T02:31:48ZengAmerican Society of Clinical OncologyJCO Global Oncology2687-89412025-04-011110.1200/GO-25-00016Current and Future Global Burden of Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer: A Population-Based StudyLucas Diniz da Conceição0Luís Felipe Leite da Silva1Mariana Macambira Noronha2Marcos Belotto3Thais Baccili Cury Megid4Renata D'Alpino Peixoto5Department of Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDepartment of Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDepartment of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, BrazilDepartment of Surgery Hospital 9 de Julho, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre, Vitalité Health Network, Moncton, CanadaDepartment of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada;PURPOSEEarly-onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) is an emerging global health concern, defined as pancreatic cancer (PC) diagnosed before age 50 years. This study aims to evaluate global trends in EOPC incidence, mortality, and associated risk factors, with projections of future burden through 2040.METHODSA population-based analysis was conducted using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 data set, encompassing data from 204 countries and territories. EOPC was defined as PC diagnosed in individuals age 15-49 years. Statistical analyses and visualizations were performed using R (version 4.3.2) and Python (version 3.11).RESULTSGlobally, EOPC incident cases increased 1.63-fold from 19,366 in 1990 to 31,531 in 2021. Mortality rose by 57% during the same period, with a total of 26,996 deaths in 2021. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates declined slightly, reflecting demographic changes and population growth. Middle Sociodemographic Index (SDI) regions exhibited the most rapid increases in both cases and deaths. In 2021, smoking accounted for 8.1% of EOPC deaths, whereas high fasting plasma glucose and high BMI contributed to 6.3% and 5.7% of deaths, respectively. Projections indicate a 10.6% global increase in EOPC cases and deaths by 2040, with the largest absolute increases expected in low-middle SDI regions.CONCLUSIONEOPC incidence and mortality are rising globally, with middle and low-middle SDI regions facing the most rapid increases and projected to carry the greatest burden by 2040. These findings emphasize the need for primary prevention, access to diagnostics, and equitable health care systems. Addressing modifiable risk factors, such as smoking and metabolic syndrome, will be critical in reducing the overall impact of EOPC.https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/GO-25-00016
spellingShingle Lucas Diniz da Conceição
Luís Felipe Leite da Silva
Mariana Macambira Noronha
Marcos Belotto
Thais Baccili Cury Megid
Renata D'Alpino Peixoto
Current and Future Global Burden of Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer: A Population-Based Study
JCO Global Oncology
title Current and Future Global Burden of Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer: A Population-Based Study
title_full Current and Future Global Burden of Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer: A Population-Based Study
title_fullStr Current and Future Global Burden of Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer: A Population-Based Study
title_full_unstemmed Current and Future Global Burden of Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer: A Population-Based Study
title_short Current and Future Global Burden of Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer: A Population-Based Study
title_sort current and future global burden of early onset pancreatic cancer a population based study
url https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/GO-25-00016
work_keys_str_mv AT lucasdinizdaconceicao currentandfutureglobalburdenofearlyonsetpancreaticcancerapopulationbasedstudy
AT luisfelipeleitedasilva currentandfutureglobalburdenofearlyonsetpancreaticcancerapopulationbasedstudy
AT marianamacambiranoronha currentandfutureglobalburdenofearlyonsetpancreaticcancerapopulationbasedstudy
AT marcosbelotto currentandfutureglobalburdenofearlyonsetpancreaticcancerapopulationbasedstudy
AT thaisbaccilicurymegid currentandfutureglobalburdenofearlyonsetpancreaticcancerapopulationbasedstudy
AT renatadalpinopeixoto currentandfutureglobalburdenofearlyonsetpancreaticcancerapopulationbasedstudy