A simplified score to quantify comorbidity in COPD.

<h4>Importance</h4>Comorbidities are common in COPD, but quantifying their burden is difficult. Currently there is a COPD-specific comorbidity index to predict mortality and another to predict general quality of life. We sought to develop and validate a COPD-specific comorbidity score th...

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Main Authors: Nirupama Putcha, Milo A Puhan, M Bradley Drummond, MeiLan K Han, Elizabeth A Regan, Nicola A Hanania, Carlos H Martinez, Marilyn Foreman, Surya P Bhatt, Barry Make, Joe Ramsdell, Dawn L DeMeo, R Graham Barr, Stephen I Rennard, Fernando Martinez, Edwin K Silverman, James Crapo, Robert A Wise, Nadia N Hansel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114438
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author Nirupama Putcha
Milo A Puhan
M Bradley Drummond
MeiLan K Han
Elizabeth A Regan
Nicola A Hanania
Carlos H Martinez
Marilyn Foreman
Surya P Bhatt
Barry Make
Joe Ramsdell
Dawn L DeMeo
R Graham Barr
Stephen I Rennard
Fernando Martinez
Edwin K Silverman
James Crapo
Robert A Wise
Nadia N Hansel
author_facet Nirupama Putcha
Milo A Puhan
M Bradley Drummond
MeiLan K Han
Elizabeth A Regan
Nicola A Hanania
Carlos H Martinez
Marilyn Foreman
Surya P Bhatt
Barry Make
Joe Ramsdell
Dawn L DeMeo
R Graham Barr
Stephen I Rennard
Fernando Martinez
Edwin K Silverman
James Crapo
Robert A Wise
Nadia N Hansel
author_sort Nirupama Putcha
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Importance</h4>Comorbidities are common in COPD, but quantifying their burden is difficult. Currently there is a COPD-specific comorbidity index to predict mortality and another to predict general quality of life. We sought to develop and validate a COPD-specific comorbidity score that reflects comorbidity burden on patient-centered outcomes.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Using the COPDGene study (GOLD II-IV COPD), we developed comorbidity scores to describe patient-centered outcomes employing three techniques: 1) simple count, 2) weighted score, and 3) weighted score based upon statistical selection procedure. We tested associations, area under the Curve (AUC) and calibration statistics to validate scores internally with outcomes of respiratory disease-specific quality of life (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire, SGRQ), six minute walk distance (6MWD), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea score and exacerbation risk, ultimately choosing one score for external validation in SPIROMICS.<h4>Results</h4>Associations between comorbidities and all outcomes were comparable across the three scores. All scores added predictive ability to models including age, gender, race, current smoking status, pack-years smoked and FEV1 (p<0.001 for all comparisons). Area under the curve (AUC) was similar between all three scores across outcomes: SGRQ (range 0·7624-0·7676), MMRC (0·7590-0·7644), 6MWD (0·7531-0·7560) and exacerbation risk (0·6831-0·6919). Because of similar performance, the comorbidity count was used for external validation. In the SPIROMICS cohort, the comorbidity count performed well to predict SGRQ (AUC 0·7891), MMRC (AUC 0·7611), 6MWD (AUC 0·7086), and exacerbation risk (AUC 0·7341).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Quantifying comorbidity provides a more thorough understanding of the risk for patient-centered outcomes in COPD. A comorbidity count performs well to quantify comorbidity in a diverse population with COPD.
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spelling doaj-art-4a3d969c0f6843ceb3306fae54f714aa2025-08-20T03:46:11ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032014-01-01912e11443810.1371/journal.pone.0114438A simplified score to quantify comorbidity in COPD.Nirupama PutchaMilo A PuhanM Bradley DrummondMeiLan K HanElizabeth A ReganNicola A HananiaCarlos H MartinezMarilyn ForemanSurya P BhattBarry MakeJoe RamsdellDawn L DeMeoR Graham BarrStephen I RennardFernando MartinezEdwin K SilvermanJames CrapoRobert A WiseNadia N Hansel<h4>Importance</h4>Comorbidities are common in COPD, but quantifying their burden is difficult. Currently there is a COPD-specific comorbidity index to predict mortality and another to predict general quality of life. We sought to develop and validate a COPD-specific comorbidity score that reflects comorbidity burden on patient-centered outcomes.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Using the COPDGene study (GOLD II-IV COPD), we developed comorbidity scores to describe patient-centered outcomes employing three techniques: 1) simple count, 2) weighted score, and 3) weighted score based upon statistical selection procedure. We tested associations, area under the Curve (AUC) and calibration statistics to validate scores internally with outcomes of respiratory disease-specific quality of life (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire, SGRQ), six minute walk distance (6MWD), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea score and exacerbation risk, ultimately choosing one score for external validation in SPIROMICS.<h4>Results</h4>Associations between comorbidities and all outcomes were comparable across the three scores. All scores added predictive ability to models including age, gender, race, current smoking status, pack-years smoked and FEV1 (p<0.001 for all comparisons). Area under the curve (AUC) was similar between all three scores across outcomes: SGRQ (range 0·7624-0·7676), MMRC (0·7590-0·7644), 6MWD (0·7531-0·7560) and exacerbation risk (0·6831-0·6919). Because of similar performance, the comorbidity count was used for external validation. In the SPIROMICS cohort, the comorbidity count performed well to predict SGRQ (AUC 0·7891), MMRC (AUC 0·7611), 6MWD (AUC 0·7086), and exacerbation risk (AUC 0·7341).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Quantifying comorbidity provides a more thorough understanding of the risk for patient-centered outcomes in COPD. A comorbidity count performs well to quantify comorbidity in a diverse population with COPD.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114438
spellingShingle Nirupama Putcha
Milo A Puhan
M Bradley Drummond
MeiLan K Han
Elizabeth A Regan
Nicola A Hanania
Carlos H Martinez
Marilyn Foreman
Surya P Bhatt
Barry Make
Joe Ramsdell
Dawn L DeMeo
R Graham Barr
Stephen I Rennard
Fernando Martinez
Edwin K Silverman
James Crapo
Robert A Wise
Nadia N Hansel
A simplified score to quantify comorbidity in COPD.
PLoS ONE
title A simplified score to quantify comorbidity in COPD.
title_full A simplified score to quantify comorbidity in COPD.
title_fullStr A simplified score to quantify comorbidity in COPD.
title_full_unstemmed A simplified score to quantify comorbidity in COPD.
title_short A simplified score to quantify comorbidity in COPD.
title_sort simplified score to quantify comorbidity in copd
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114438
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