Sox2-overexpressing neural stem cells alleviate ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus
Neural stem cells (NSCs) have the potential for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, and their transplantation has achieved good efficacy in a variety of diseases. However, only 1%–10% of transplanted NSCs survive in the ischemic and hypoxic microenvironment of posthemorrhagic hydrocep...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2026-02-01
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| Series: | Neural Regeneration Research |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01491 |
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| author | Baocheng Gao Haoxiang Wang Shuang Hu Kunhong Zhong Xiaoyin Liu Ziang Deng Yuanyou Li Aiping Tong Liangxue Zhou |
| author_facet | Baocheng Gao Haoxiang Wang Shuang Hu Kunhong Zhong Xiaoyin Liu Ziang Deng Yuanyou Li Aiping Tong Liangxue Zhou |
| author_sort | Baocheng Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neural stem cells (NSCs) have the potential for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, and their transplantation has achieved good efficacy in a variety of diseases. However, only 1%–10% of transplanted NSCs survive in the ischemic and hypoxic microenvironment of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Sox2 is an important factor for NSCs to maintain proliferation. Therefore, Sox2-overexpressing NSCs (NSCSox2) may be more successful in improving neurological dysfunction after posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. In this study, human NSCSox2 was transplanted into a posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus mouse model, and retinoic acid was administered to further promote NSC differentiation. The results showed that NSCSox2 attenuated the ventricular enlargement caused by posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and improved neurological function. NSCSox2 also promoted nerve regeneration, inhibited neuroinflammation and promoted M2 polarization (anti-inflammatory phenotype), thereby reducing cerebrospinal fluid secretion in choroid plexus. These findings suggest that NSCSox2 rescued ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction induced by posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus through neural regeneration and modulation of inflammation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4a2e027aba8e49918596bab5c54d98e0 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1673-5374 1876-7958 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2026-02-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Regeneration Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-4a2e027aba8e49918596bab5c54d98e02025-08-20T03:07:28ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNeural Regeneration Research1673-53741876-79582026-02-0121276977910.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01491Sox2-overexpressing neural stem cells alleviate ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalusBaocheng GaoHaoxiang WangShuang HuKunhong ZhongXiaoyin LiuZiang DengYuanyou LiAiping TongLiangxue ZhouNeural stem cells (NSCs) have the potential for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, and their transplantation has achieved good efficacy in a variety of diseases. However, only 1%–10% of transplanted NSCs survive in the ischemic and hypoxic microenvironment of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Sox2 is an important factor for NSCs to maintain proliferation. Therefore, Sox2-overexpressing NSCs (NSCSox2) may be more successful in improving neurological dysfunction after posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. In this study, human NSCSox2 was transplanted into a posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus mouse model, and retinoic acid was administered to further promote NSC differentiation. The results showed that NSCSox2 attenuated the ventricular enlargement caused by posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and improved neurological function. NSCSox2 also promoted nerve regeneration, inhibited neuroinflammation and promoted M2 polarization (anti-inflammatory phenotype), thereby reducing cerebrospinal fluid secretion in choroid plexus. These findings suggest that NSCSox2 rescued ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction induced by posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus through neural regeneration and modulation of inflammation.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01491angiogenesiscerebrospinal fluidhippocampal transplantationinflammationmicroglianeural stem cellsneurogenesisposthemorrhagic hydrocephalusretinoic acidsox2 |
| spellingShingle | Baocheng Gao Haoxiang Wang Shuang Hu Kunhong Zhong Xiaoyin Liu Ziang Deng Yuanyou Li Aiping Tong Liangxue Zhou Sox2-overexpressing neural stem cells alleviate ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus Neural Regeneration Research angiogenesis cerebrospinal fluid hippocampal transplantation inflammation microglia neural stem cells neurogenesis posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus retinoic acid sox2 |
| title | Sox2-overexpressing neural stem cells alleviate ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus |
| title_full | Sox2-overexpressing neural stem cells alleviate ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus |
| title_fullStr | Sox2-overexpressing neural stem cells alleviate ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sox2-overexpressing neural stem cells alleviate ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus |
| title_short | Sox2-overexpressing neural stem cells alleviate ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus |
| title_sort | sox2 overexpressing neural stem cells alleviate ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus |
| topic | angiogenesis cerebrospinal fluid hippocampal transplantation inflammation microglia neural stem cells neurogenesis posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus retinoic acid sox2 |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01491 |
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