P‐ and S‐Wave Velocities of Exhumed Metasediments From the Alaskan Subduction Zone: Implications for the In Situ Conditions Along the Megathrust

Abstract The in situ state and properties of sediments entrained along subduction megathrusts exert key controls on their mechanics and slip behavior. Low seismic velocity and high Vp/Vs are hypothesized to indicate highly elevated fluid pressure, and are invoked as conditions in the source areas of...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Peter K. Miller, Demian M. Saffer, Geoffrey A. Abers, Donna J. Shillington, Anne Bécel, Jiyao Li, Charlotte Bate
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-10-01
Series:Geophysical Research Letters
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094511
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Abstract The in situ state and properties of sediments entrained along subduction megathrusts exert key controls on their mechanics and slip behavior. Low seismic velocity and high Vp/Vs are hypothesized to indicate highly elevated fluid pressure, and are invoked as conditions in the source areas of slow earthquakes and tremor. We report on Vp and Vs measurements for exhumed metasediments from Kodiak Island, AK, representative of materials along the modern megathrust. Our data reveal anisotropy of ∼8–28% in Vp and ∼6.5–8% in Vs at effective stresses ranging from ∼1 to 90 MPa, with lower wavespeeds perpendicular to the dominant fabric. The fabric‐normal velocities are sufficiently low to explain observations from regional geophysical surveys and are consistent with rock physics‐based models that incorporate small (<1%) crack porosity. We suggest that low velocity at ∼8–20 km depth along megathrusts may arise simply from the presence of foliated metasediments, without requiring near‐lithostatic fluid pressure.
ISSN:0094-8276
1944-8007