Sildenafil Citrate Influences Production of TNF-α in Healthy Men Lymphocytes
The aim of our study was to determine whether sildenafil citrate influences the production of Th1- (TNF-α, INF-γ) or Th2-type (TGF-β, IL-10) cytokines by lymphocytes of healthy men. Sildenafil citrate (SC) is a selective blocker of phosphodiesterase 5, by competing for the binding site with cGMP. It...
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8478750 |
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| author | Michał Zych Aleksander Roszczyk Monika Kniotek Beata Kaleta Radoslaw Zagozdzon |
| author_facet | Michał Zych Aleksander Roszczyk Monika Kniotek Beata Kaleta Radoslaw Zagozdzon |
| author_sort | Michał Zych |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of our study was to determine whether sildenafil citrate influences the production of Th1- (TNF-α, INF-γ) or Th2-type (TGF-β, IL-10) cytokines by lymphocytes of healthy men. Sildenafil citrate (SC) is a selective blocker of phosphodiesterase 5, by competing for the binding site with cGMP. It was reported that a higher risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) could be correlated with a recreational use of sildenafil, especially when combined with another drug. While behavioral causes of these findings are understood, it is worth considering other causes of that phenomenon that might rely on the influence of sildenafil on the immune system. Material and Methods. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 27 healthy men donors and cultured in the presence of SC at a concentration of 400 ng/ml. The first set of research was performed on cells stimulated, for at least 4 hours, by incubation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), ionomycin, and Golgi-Stop. Subsequently, we determined cytokine production in cells stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 12 hours in the presence of Golgi-Stop. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping of PBMC was performed towards the surface marker of T cells: CD3 and intracellular cytokine expression: TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β, and IL-10. Our findings show that SC significantly decreased the percentage of T cells producing TNF-α and displayed tendency to decrease IFN-γ, when stimulated with PMA. Frequent usage of SC might strengthen this effect. That could partially explain the impaired immune response to the pathogens of men using the drug. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4a16238a67c148a886dfc5e79ab00a67 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-4a16238a67c148a886dfc5e79ab00a672025-08-20T03:20:12ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562019-01-01201910.1155/2019/84787508478750Sildenafil Citrate Influences Production of TNF-α in Healthy Men LymphocytesMichał Zych0Aleksander Roszczyk1Monika Kniotek2Beata Kaleta3Radoslaw Zagozdzon4Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, PolandThe aim of our study was to determine whether sildenafil citrate influences the production of Th1- (TNF-α, INF-γ) or Th2-type (TGF-β, IL-10) cytokines by lymphocytes of healthy men. Sildenafil citrate (SC) is a selective blocker of phosphodiesterase 5, by competing for the binding site with cGMP. It was reported that a higher risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) could be correlated with a recreational use of sildenafil, especially when combined with another drug. While behavioral causes of these findings are understood, it is worth considering other causes of that phenomenon that might rely on the influence of sildenafil on the immune system. Material and Methods. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 27 healthy men donors and cultured in the presence of SC at a concentration of 400 ng/ml. The first set of research was performed on cells stimulated, for at least 4 hours, by incubation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), ionomycin, and Golgi-Stop. Subsequently, we determined cytokine production in cells stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 12 hours in the presence of Golgi-Stop. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping of PBMC was performed towards the surface marker of T cells: CD3 and intracellular cytokine expression: TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β, and IL-10. Our findings show that SC significantly decreased the percentage of T cells producing TNF-α and displayed tendency to decrease IFN-γ, when stimulated with PMA. Frequent usage of SC might strengthen this effect. That could partially explain the impaired immune response to the pathogens of men using the drug.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8478750 |
| spellingShingle | Michał Zych Aleksander Roszczyk Monika Kniotek Beata Kaleta Radoslaw Zagozdzon Sildenafil Citrate Influences Production of TNF-α in Healthy Men Lymphocytes Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Sildenafil Citrate Influences Production of TNF-α in Healthy Men Lymphocytes |
| title_full | Sildenafil Citrate Influences Production of TNF-α in Healthy Men Lymphocytes |
| title_fullStr | Sildenafil Citrate Influences Production of TNF-α in Healthy Men Lymphocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sildenafil Citrate Influences Production of TNF-α in Healthy Men Lymphocytes |
| title_short | Sildenafil Citrate Influences Production of TNF-α in Healthy Men Lymphocytes |
| title_sort | sildenafil citrate influences production of tnf α in healthy men lymphocytes |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8478750 |
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