Meloidogyne marylandi is Involved in, but not the Primary Cause of Creeping Bentgrass Decline of Putting Greens in Southern California
Root-knot nematodes were discovered in severely declining creeping bentgrass putting greens at a golf course in Indian Wells, Riverside County, California. The exhibited disease symptoms included chlorosis, stunted growth, and dieback. Based on morphological examination and measurements of J2 female...
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2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nematology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2024-0046 |
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| author | Ploeg A. T. Witte H. Subbotin S. A. Tandingan De Ley I. Smith Becker J. Becker J. O. |
| author_facet | Ploeg A. T. Witte H. Subbotin S. A. Tandingan De Ley I. Smith Becker J. Becker J. O. |
| author_sort | Ploeg A. T. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Root-knot nematodes were discovered in severely declining creeping bentgrass putting greens at a golf course in Indian Wells, Riverside County, California. The exhibited disease symptoms included chlorosis, stunted growth, and dieback. Based on morphological examination and measurements of J2 females and males, it was suggested that the causal pathogen was Meloidogyne marylandi. This identification was confirmed by analysis of the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and COI gene sequences. The host status of 28 plant species was evaluated in greenhouse trials. All tested monocots, except rye and Allium species, were found to be hosts, while no reproduction occurred on dicots. Temperature-tank experiments helped determine that the life cycle of M. marylandi was completed between 17–35 °C, with a base temperature of 8.3 °C and a required heat sum of 493 degree-days (DD). In greenhouse trials in pasteurized soil and near-ideal growing conditions, M. marylandi did not cause significant growth reduction of creeping bentgrass cv. Penn A-4, even at very high J2 inoculation densities. It is highly probable that other biotic and abiotic factors contributed to the observed putting green damage. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4a08fe32251a49daa80120da8b0cfcdb |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2640-396X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Sciendo |
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| series | Journal of Nematology |
| spelling | doaj-art-4a08fe32251a49daa80120da8b0cfcdb2025-08-20T02:23:39ZengSciendoJournal of Nematology2640-396X2024-11-01561495210.2478/jofnem-2024-0046Meloidogyne marylandi is Involved in, but not the Primary Cause of Creeping Bentgrass Decline of Putting Greens in Southern CaliforniaPloeg A. T.0Witte H.1Subbotin S. A.2Tandingan De Ley I.3Smith Becker J.4Becker J. O.5Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, 3401 Watkins Drive, Riverside, CA92521Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, 3401 Watkins Drive, Riverside, CA92521Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CADepartment of Nematology, University of California Riverside, 3401 Watkins Drive, Riverside, CA92521Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, 3401 Watkins Drive, Riverside, CA92521Department of Nematology, University of California Riverside, 3401 Watkins Drive, Riverside, CA92521Root-knot nematodes were discovered in severely declining creeping bentgrass putting greens at a golf course in Indian Wells, Riverside County, California. The exhibited disease symptoms included chlorosis, stunted growth, and dieback. Based on morphological examination and measurements of J2 females and males, it was suggested that the causal pathogen was Meloidogyne marylandi. This identification was confirmed by analysis of the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and COI gene sequences. The host status of 28 plant species was evaluated in greenhouse trials. All tested monocots, except rye and Allium species, were found to be hosts, while no reproduction occurred on dicots. Temperature-tank experiments helped determine that the life cycle of M. marylandi was completed between 17–35 °C, with a base temperature of 8.3 °C and a required heat sum of 493 degree-days (DD). In greenhouse trials in pasteurized soil and near-ideal growing conditions, M. marylandi did not cause significant growth reduction of creeping bentgrass cv. Penn A-4, even at very high J2 inoculation densities. It is highly probable that other biotic and abiotic factors contributed to the observed putting green damage.https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2024-0046agrostis stoloniferacreeping bentgrassgolf coursehost rangemeloidogyne marylandinematode-degree daysmorphologymolecular identificationroot-knot nematodesturfgrass |
| spellingShingle | Ploeg A. T. Witte H. Subbotin S. A. Tandingan De Ley I. Smith Becker J. Becker J. O. Meloidogyne marylandi is Involved in, but not the Primary Cause of Creeping Bentgrass Decline of Putting Greens in Southern California Journal of Nematology agrostis stolonifera creeping bentgrass golf course host range meloidogyne marylandi nematode-degree days morphology molecular identification root-knot nematodes turfgrass |
| title | Meloidogyne marylandi is Involved in, but not the Primary Cause of Creeping Bentgrass Decline of Putting Greens in Southern California |
| title_full | Meloidogyne marylandi is Involved in, but not the Primary Cause of Creeping Bentgrass Decline of Putting Greens in Southern California |
| title_fullStr | Meloidogyne marylandi is Involved in, but not the Primary Cause of Creeping Bentgrass Decline of Putting Greens in Southern California |
| title_full_unstemmed | Meloidogyne marylandi is Involved in, but not the Primary Cause of Creeping Bentgrass Decline of Putting Greens in Southern California |
| title_short | Meloidogyne marylandi is Involved in, but not the Primary Cause of Creeping Bentgrass Decline of Putting Greens in Southern California |
| title_sort | meloidogyne marylandi is involved in but not the primary cause of creeping bentgrass decline of putting greens in southern california |
| topic | agrostis stolonifera creeping bentgrass golf course host range meloidogyne marylandi nematode-degree days morphology molecular identification root-knot nematodes turfgrass |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2024-0046 |
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