Evaluation of the Immune Effect of a Trivalent Fowl Adenovirus Inactivated Vaccine Against FAdV-4/8a/8b

Fowl adenovirus can cause various diseases such as hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), which leads to huge economic losses for China’s poultry industry. In recent years, the prevalence of FAdV-4, FAdV-8a, and FAdV-8b has been on the rise. In this study, a tr...

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Main Authors: Yulan Jiao, Qianhui Zhao, Yulong Zhao, Yingjie Li, Sumin Pan, Yinming Li, Yuntao Liu, Wanyu Shi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Veterinary Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/6/549
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author Yulan Jiao
Qianhui Zhao
Yulong Zhao
Yingjie Li
Sumin Pan
Yinming Li
Yuntao Liu
Wanyu Shi
author_facet Yulan Jiao
Qianhui Zhao
Yulong Zhao
Yingjie Li
Sumin Pan
Yinming Li
Yuntao Liu
Wanyu Shi
author_sort Yulan Jiao
collection DOAJ
description Fowl adenovirus can cause various diseases such as hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), which leads to huge economic losses for China’s poultry industry. In recent years, the prevalence of FAdV-4, FAdV-8a, and FAdV-8b has been on the rise. In this study, a trivalent fowl adenovirus inactivated vaccine against FAdV-4/8a/8b was generated and the immune effect was evaluated. The results showed that chickens immunized with the trivalent vaccine could effectively resist the challenge of virulent strains of FAdV-4, FAdV-8a, and FAdV-8b. All chickens in the immunized groups survived after virus injection, gained weight normally, and the lesions in tissues and organs (liver, spleen, kidney, etc.) were significantly decreased compared with the control group. The viral load in the liver of the immunized group was significantly lower than that of the challenge control group five days after the challenge (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and the cloacal excretion was significantly lower than that of the non-immune control group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Moreover, until 16 weeks after immunization, the neutralizing antibody level against FAdV-4, FAdV-8a, and FAdV-8b remained above 8.27 log2. As a result, the trivalent vaccine generated in our study was an attractive candidate to prevent and reduce the spread of HHS and IBH in China’s poultry industry.
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issn 2306-7381
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series Veterinary Sciences
spelling doaj-art-4a074f2d99de4ba1bea81f2bc26078732025-08-20T03:32:31ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812025-06-0112654910.3390/vetsci12060549Evaluation of the Immune Effect of a Trivalent Fowl Adenovirus Inactivated Vaccine Against FAdV-4/8a/8bYulan Jiao0Qianhui Zhao1Yulong Zhao2Yingjie Li3Sumin Pan4Yinming Li5Yuntao Liu6Wanyu Shi7College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, ChinaRingpu (Baoding) Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Baoding 071000, ChinaVeterinary Drug and Feed Work Station of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050011, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology (HNUST), Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaCollege of Foreign Language, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, ChinaRingpu (Baoding) Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Baoding 071000, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, ChinaFowl adenovirus can cause various diseases such as hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), which leads to huge economic losses for China’s poultry industry. In recent years, the prevalence of FAdV-4, FAdV-8a, and FAdV-8b has been on the rise. In this study, a trivalent fowl adenovirus inactivated vaccine against FAdV-4/8a/8b was generated and the immune effect was evaluated. The results showed that chickens immunized with the trivalent vaccine could effectively resist the challenge of virulent strains of FAdV-4, FAdV-8a, and FAdV-8b. All chickens in the immunized groups survived after virus injection, gained weight normally, and the lesions in tissues and organs (liver, spleen, kidney, etc.) were significantly decreased compared with the control group. The viral load in the liver of the immunized group was significantly lower than that of the challenge control group five days after the challenge (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and the cloacal excretion was significantly lower than that of the non-immune control group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Moreover, until 16 weeks after immunization, the neutralizing antibody level against FAdV-4, FAdV-8a, and FAdV-8b remained above 8.27 log2. As a result, the trivalent vaccine generated in our study was an attractive candidate to prevent and reduce the spread of HHS and IBH in China’s poultry industry.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/6/549fowl adenovirusinactivated vaccineimmune protectionneutralizing antibodyHHSIBH
spellingShingle Yulan Jiao
Qianhui Zhao
Yulong Zhao
Yingjie Li
Sumin Pan
Yinming Li
Yuntao Liu
Wanyu Shi
Evaluation of the Immune Effect of a Trivalent Fowl Adenovirus Inactivated Vaccine Against FAdV-4/8a/8b
Veterinary Sciences
fowl adenovirus
inactivated vaccine
immune protection
neutralizing antibody
HHS
IBH
title Evaluation of the Immune Effect of a Trivalent Fowl Adenovirus Inactivated Vaccine Against FAdV-4/8a/8b
title_full Evaluation of the Immune Effect of a Trivalent Fowl Adenovirus Inactivated Vaccine Against FAdV-4/8a/8b
title_fullStr Evaluation of the Immune Effect of a Trivalent Fowl Adenovirus Inactivated Vaccine Against FAdV-4/8a/8b
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of the Immune Effect of a Trivalent Fowl Adenovirus Inactivated Vaccine Against FAdV-4/8a/8b
title_short Evaluation of the Immune Effect of a Trivalent Fowl Adenovirus Inactivated Vaccine Against FAdV-4/8a/8b
title_sort evaluation of the immune effect of a trivalent fowl adenovirus inactivated vaccine against fadv 4 8a 8b
topic fowl adenovirus
inactivated vaccine
immune protection
neutralizing antibody
HHS
IBH
url https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/6/549
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