Study on Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of X65 Pipeline Steel in Gaseous Hydrogen Environment
Pipeline steel is highly susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) in hydrogen environments, which compromises its structural integrity and operational safety. Existing studies have primarily focused on the degradation trends of mechanical properties in hydrogen environments, but there remains a la...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/6/596 |
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| author | Linlin Yu Hui Feng Shengnan Li Zhicheng Guo Qiang Chi |
| author_facet | Linlin Yu Hui Feng Shengnan Li Zhicheng Guo Qiang Chi |
| author_sort | Linlin Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pipeline steel is highly susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) in hydrogen environments, which compromises its structural integrity and operational safety. Existing studies have primarily focused on the degradation trends of mechanical properties in hydrogen environments, but there remains a lack of quantitative failure prediction models. To investigate the failure behavior of X65 pipeline steel under hydrogen environments, this paper utilized notched round bar specimens with three different radii and smooth round bar specimens to examine the effects of pre-charging time, the coupled influence of stress triaxiality and hydrogen concentration, and the coupled influence of strain rate and hydrogen concentration on the HE sensitivity of X65 pipeline steel. Fracture surface morphologies were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing that hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity (HELP) dominates failure mechanisms at low hydrogen concentrations, while hydrogen-enhanced decohesion (HEDE) becomes dominant at high hydrogen concentrations. The results demonstrate that increasing stress triaxiality or decreasing strain rate significantly intensifies the HE sensitivity of X65 pipeline steel. Based on the experimental findings, failure prediction models for X65 pipeline steel were developed under the coupled effects of hydrogen concentration and stress triaxiality as well as hydrogen concentration and strain rate, providing theoretical support and mathematical models for the engineering application of X65 pipeline steel in hydrogen environments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-49ff1dd0fd034e40834c110307c0fb64 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj-art-49ff1dd0fd034e40834c110307c0fb642025-08-20T03:27:32ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012025-05-0115659610.3390/met15060596Study on Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of X65 Pipeline Steel in Gaseous Hydrogen EnvironmentLinlin Yu0Hui Feng1Shengnan Li2Zhicheng Guo3Qiang Chi4College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, ChinaTubular Goods Research Institute of China National Petroleum Corporation, Xi’an 710077, ChinaTubular Goods Research Institute of China National Petroleum Corporation, Xi’an 710077, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, ChinaTubular Goods Research Institute of China National Petroleum Corporation, Xi’an 710077, ChinaPipeline steel is highly susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) in hydrogen environments, which compromises its structural integrity and operational safety. Existing studies have primarily focused on the degradation trends of mechanical properties in hydrogen environments, but there remains a lack of quantitative failure prediction models. To investigate the failure behavior of X65 pipeline steel under hydrogen environments, this paper utilized notched round bar specimens with three different radii and smooth round bar specimens to examine the effects of pre-charging time, the coupled influence of stress triaxiality and hydrogen concentration, and the coupled influence of strain rate and hydrogen concentration on the HE sensitivity of X65 pipeline steel. Fracture surface morphologies were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing that hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity (HELP) dominates failure mechanisms at low hydrogen concentrations, while hydrogen-enhanced decohesion (HEDE) becomes dominant at high hydrogen concentrations. The results demonstrate that increasing stress triaxiality or decreasing strain rate significantly intensifies the HE sensitivity of X65 pipeline steel. Based on the experimental findings, failure prediction models for X65 pipeline steel were developed under the coupled effects of hydrogen concentration and stress triaxiality as well as hydrogen concentration and strain rate, providing theoretical support and mathematical models for the engineering application of X65 pipeline steel in hydrogen environments.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/6/596hydrogen embrittlementstress triaxialityhydrogen concentrationstrain ratefailure model |
| spellingShingle | Linlin Yu Hui Feng Shengnan Li Zhicheng Guo Qiang Chi Study on Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of X65 Pipeline Steel in Gaseous Hydrogen Environment Metals hydrogen embrittlement stress triaxiality hydrogen concentration strain rate failure model |
| title | Study on Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of X65 Pipeline Steel in Gaseous Hydrogen Environment |
| title_full | Study on Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of X65 Pipeline Steel in Gaseous Hydrogen Environment |
| title_fullStr | Study on Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of X65 Pipeline Steel in Gaseous Hydrogen Environment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study on Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of X65 Pipeline Steel in Gaseous Hydrogen Environment |
| title_short | Study on Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of X65 Pipeline Steel in Gaseous Hydrogen Environment |
| title_sort | study on hydrogen embrittlement behavior of x65 pipeline steel in gaseous hydrogen environment |
| topic | hydrogen embrittlement stress triaxiality hydrogen concentration strain rate failure model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/6/596 |
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