Population-based survey of the prevalence and types of glaucoma in Bangladesh
Background To delineate the epidemiological landscape of glaucoma using a population-based sample representative of Bangladesh.Methods Using multistage stratified cluster random sampling, households were selected to identify individuals ≥35 years across all 8 divisions of Bangladesh. Sampling frames...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2024-03-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open Ophthalmology |
| Online Access: | https://bmjophth.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001609.full |
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| author | Bipul Kumer De Sarker Sheikh M A Mannaf Siddiqur Rahman Md Shafiqul Islam Md Mizanur Rahman M Nazrul Islam Salma Parvin |
| author_facet | Bipul Kumer De Sarker Sheikh M A Mannaf Siddiqur Rahman Md Shafiqul Islam Md Mizanur Rahman M Nazrul Islam Salma Parvin |
| author_sort | Bipul Kumer De Sarker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background To delineate the epidemiological landscape of glaucoma using a population-based sample representative of Bangladesh.Methods Using multistage stratified cluster random sampling, households were selected to identify individuals ≥35 years across all 8 divisions of Bangladesh. Sampling frames were derived from the 2011 national census. Fifty-eight study examination sites were set up for comprehensive eye evaluations, including intraocular pressure, gonioscopy and visual field testing when indicated. International Society for Geographic and Epidemiological Ophthalmology definitions were used to define glaucoma and glaucoma suspect cases.Results One hundred forty clusters (89 rural and 51 urban) were randomly selected, and 13 791 residential households were visited. We invited 17 002 individuals ≥35 years for on-site examination, of which 12 000 (71%) complied, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1. The prevalence of glaucoma was 3.2% (95% CI 2.79% to 3.64%), and glaucoma suspect was 10.1% (95% CI 9.05% to 11.12%). The majority (78%) had primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), while angle closure was seen in 16%. Of the POAG, 83% (n=251) were normal-tension glaucoma. Multivariable logistic regression showed increasing age (OR=1.01 for every 5-year increment, 95% CI 1 to 1.01) and male gender (OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.77) to be associated with an increased risk of glaucoma.Conclusions The prevalence of glaucoma in Bangladesh is 3.2% in ≥35-year-old individuals with older men most at risk. Extrapolating the results, we estimate about 2 million patients with glaucoma. Though normal-tension variety was the most common type, caution should be exercised in generalising these results to other populations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-49f99a6451904dd2a99f00c674a122a7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2397-3269 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-49f99a6451904dd2a99f00c674a122a72025-02-06T10:05:14ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Ophthalmology2397-32692024-03-019110.1136/bmjophth-2023-001609Population-based survey of the prevalence and types of glaucoma in BangladeshBipul Kumer De Sarker0Sheikh M A Mannaf1Siddiqur Rahman2Md Shafiqul Islam3Md Mizanur Rahman4M Nazrul Islam5Salma Parvin68 Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh1 Ophthalmology, BIRDEM, Dhaka, Bangladesh7 Glaucoma, Vision Eye Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh3 Ophthalmology, BSMMU, Dhaka, BangladeshHitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi Daigaku, Kunitachi, Tokyo, Japan1 Ophthalmology, BIRDEM, Dhaka, Bangladesh6 Ophthalmology, Green Life Medical College and Hospital, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, BangladeshBackground To delineate the epidemiological landscape of glaucoma using a population-based sample representative of Bangladesh.Methods Using multistage stratified cluster random sampling, households were selected to identify individuals ≥35 years across all 8 divisions of Bangladesh. Sampling frames were derived from the 2011 national census. Fifty-eight study examination sites were set up for comprehensive eye evaluations, including intraocular pressure, gonioscopy and visual field testing when indicated. International Society for Geographic and Epidemiological Ophthalmology definitions were used to define glaucoma and glaucoma suspect cases.Results One hundred forty clusters (89 rural and 51 urban) were randomly selected, and 13 791 residential households were visited. We invited 17 002 individuals ≥35 years for on-site examination, of which 12 000 (71%) complied, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1. The prevalence of glaucoma was 3.2% (95% CI 2.79% to 3.64%), and glaucoma suspect was 10.1% (95% CI 9.05% to 11.12%). The majority (78%) had primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), while angle closure was seen in 16%. Of the POAG, 83% (n=251) were normal-tension glaucoma. Multivariable logistic regression showed increasing age (OR=1.01 for every 5-year increment, 95% CI 1 to 1.01) and male gender (OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.77) to be associated with an increased risk of glaucoma.Conclusions The prevalence of glaucoma in Bangladesh is 3.2% in ≥35-year-old individuals with older men most at risk. Extrapolating the results, we estimate about 2 million patients with glaucoma. Though normal-tension variety was the most common type, caution should be exercised in generalising these results to other populations.https://bmjophth.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001609.full |
| spellingShingle | Bipul Kumer De Sarker Sheikh M A Mannaf Siddiqur Rahman Md Shafiqul Islam Md Mizanur Rahman M Nazrul Islam Salma Parvin Population-based survey of the prevalence and types of glaucoma in Bangladesh BMJ Open Ophthalmology |
| title | Population-based survey of the prevalence and types of glaucoma in Bangladesh |
| title_full | Population-based survey of the prevalence and types of glaucoma in Bangladesh |
| title_fullStr | Population-based survey of the prevalence and types of glaucoma in Bangladesh |
| title_full_unstemmed | Population-based survey of the prevalence and types of glaucoma in Bangladesh |
| title_short | Population-based survey of the prevalence and types of glaucoma in Bangladesh |
| title_sort | population based survey of the prevalence and types of glaucoma in bangladesh |
| url | https://bmjophth.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001609.full |
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