Improved Aerial Surface Floating Object Detection and Classification Recognition Algorithm Based on YOLOv8n

The water surface environment is highly complex, and floating objects in aerial images often occupy a minimal proportion, leading to significantly reduced feature representation. These challenges pose substantial difficulties for current research on the detection and classification of water surface...

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Main Authors: Lili Song, Haixin Deng, Jianfeng Han, Xiongwei Gao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Sensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/6/1938
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author Lili Song
Haixin Deng
Jianfeng Han
Xiongwei Gao
author_facet Lili Song
Haixin Deng
Jianfeng Han
Xiongwei Gao
author_sort Lili Song
collection DOAJ
description The water surface environment is highly complex, and floating objects in aerial images often occupy a minimal proportion, leading to significantly reduced feature representation. These challenges pose substantial difficulties for current research on the detection and classification of water surface floating objects. To address the aforementioned challenges, we proposed an improved YOLOv8-HSH algorithm based on YOLOv8n. The proposed algorithm introduces several key enhancements: (1) an enhanced HorBlock module to facilitate multi-gradient and multi-scale superposition, thereby intensifying critical floating object characteristics; (2) an optimized CBAM attention mechanism to mitigate background noise interference and substantially elevate detection accuracy; (3) the incorporation of a minor target recognition layer to augment the model’s capacity to discern floating objects of differing dimensions across various environments; and (4) the implementation of the WIoU loss function to enhance the model’s convergence rate and regression accuracy. Experimental results indicate that the proposed strategy yields a significant enhancement, with mAP50 and mAP50-95 increasing by 11.7% and 12.4%, respectively, while the miss rate decreases by 11%. The F1 score has increased by 11%, and the average accuracy for each category of floating objects has enhanced by a minimum of 5.6%. These improvements not only significantly enhanced the model’s detection accuracy and robustness in complex scenarios but also provided new solutions for research in aerial image processing and related environmental monitoring fields.
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institution Kabale University
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publishDate 2025-03-01
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spelling doaj-art-49f3cc37a5c7499082f08f22d222f3432025-08-20T03:43:51ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-03-01256193810.3390/s25061938Improved Aerial Surface Floating Object Detection and Classification Recognition Algorithm Based on YOLOv8nLili Song0Haixin Deng1Jianfeng Han2Xiongwei Gao3School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Jinchuan Campus, Hohhot 010080, ChinaSchool of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Jinchuan Campus, Hohhot 010080, ChinaSchool of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Jinchuan Campus, Hohhot 010080, ChinaSchool of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Jinchuan Campus, Hohhot 010080, ChinaThe water surface environment is highly complex, and floating objects in aerial images often occupy a minimal proportion, leading to significantly reduced feature representation. These challenges pose substantial difficulties for current research on the detection and classification of water surface floating objects. To address the aforementioned challenges, we proposed an improved YOLOv8-HSH algorithm based on YOLOv8n. The proposed algorithm introduces several key enhancements: (1) an enhanced HorBlock module to facilitate multi-gradient and multi-scale superposition, thereby intensifying critical floating object characteristics; (2) an optimized CBAM attention mechanism to mitigate background noise interference and substantially elevate detection accuracy; (3) the incorporation of a minor target recognition layer to augment the model’s capacity to discern floating objects of differing dimensions across various environments; and (4) the implementation of the WIoU loss function to enhance the model’s convergence rate and regression accuracy. Experimental results indicate that the proposed strategy yields a significant enhancement, with mAP50 and mAP50-95 increasing by 11.7% and 12.4%, respectively, while the miss rate decreases by 11%. The F1 score has increased by 11%, and the average accuracy for each category of floating objects has enhanced by a minimum of 5.6%. These improvements not only significantly enhanced the model’s detection accuracy and robustness in complex scenarios but also provided new solutions for research in aerial image processing and related environmental monitoring fields.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/6/1938aerial photographsmall object detectionfloating object recognitionenvironmental monitoring
spellingShingle Lili Song
Haixin Deng
Jianfeng Han
Xiongwei Gao
Improved Aerial Surface Floating Object Detection and Classification Recognition Algorithm Based on YOLOv8n
Sensors
aerial photograph
small object detection
floating object recognition
environmental monitoring
title Improved Aerial Surface Floating Object Detection and Classification Recognition Algorithm Based on YOLOv8n
title_full Improved Aerial Surface Floating Object Detection and Classification Recognition Algorithm Based on YOLOv8n
title_fullStr Improved Aerial Surface Floating Object Detection and Classification Recognition Algorithm Based on YOLOv8n
title_full_unstemmed Improved Aerial Surface Floating Object Detection and Classification Recognition Algorithm Based on YOLOv8n
title_short Improved Aerial Surface Floating Object Detection and Classification Recognition Algorithm Based on YOLOv8n
title_sort improved aerial surface floating object detection and classification recognition algorithm based on yolov8n
topic aerial photograph
small object detection
floating object recognition
environmental monitoring
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/6/1938
work_keys_str_mv AT lilisong improvedaerialsurfacefloatingobjectdetectionandclassificationrecognitionalgorithmbasedonyolov8n
AT haixindeng improvedaerialsurfacefloatingobjectdetectionandclassificationrecognitionalgorithmbasedonyolov8n
AT jianfenghan improvedaerialsurfacefloatingobjectdetectionandclassificationrecognitionalgorithmbasedonyolov8n
AT xiongweigao improvedaerialsurfacefloatingobjectdetectionandclassificationrecognitionalgorithmbasedonyolov8n