Dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract in transition period improves rumen microbial composition and ameliorates energy metabolism and lactation performance of dairy cows
Abstract Background During the transition period, excessive negative energy balance (NEB) lead to metabolic disorders and reduced milk yield. Rumen microbes are responsible for resolving plant material and producing volatile fatty acids (VFA), which are the primary energy source for cows. In this st...
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2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-024-01110-8 |
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| author | Lingxue Ju Qi Shao Zhiyuan Fang Erminio Trevisi Meng Chen Yuxiang Song Wenwen Gao Lin Lei Xinwei Li Guowen Liu Xiliang Du |
| author_facet | Lingxue Ju Qi Shao Zhiyuan Fang Erminio Trevisi Meng Chen Yuxiang Song Wenwen Gao Lin Lei Xinwei Li Guowen Liu Xiliang Du |
| author_sort | Lingxue Ju |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background During the transition period, excessive negative energy balance (NEB) lead to metabolic disorders and reduced milk yield. Rumen microbes are responsible for resolving plant material and producing volatile fatty acids (VFA), which are the primary energy source for cows. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of citrus peel extract (CPE) supplementation on rumen microbiota composition, energy metabolism and milk performance of peripartum dairy cows. Methods Dairy cows were fed either a basal diet (CON group) or the same basal diet supplemented with CPE via intragastric administration (4 g/d, CPE group) for 6 weeks (3 weeks before and 3 weeks after calving; n = 15 per group). Samples of serum, milk, rumen fluid, adipose tissue, and liver were collected to assess the effects of CPE on rumen microbiota composition, rumen fermentation parameters, milk performance, and energy metabolic status of dairy cows. Results CPE supplementation led to an increase in milk yield, milk protein and lactose contents, and serum glucose levels, while reduced serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid, insulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and haptoglobin during the first month of lactation. CPE supplementation also increased the content of ruminal VFA. Compared to the CON group, the abundance of Prevotellaceae, Methanobacteriaceae, Bacteroidales_RF16_group, and Selenomonadaceae was found increased, while the abundance of Oscillospiraceae, F082, Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, Muribaculaceae UCG-011, Saccharimonadaceae, Hungateiclostridiaceae, and Spirochaetaceae in the CPE group was found decreased. In adipose tissue, CPE supplementation decreased lipolysis, and inflammatory response, while increased insulin sensitivity. In the liver, CPE supplementation decreased lipid accumulation, increased insulin sensitivity, and upregulated expression of genes involved in gluconeogenesis. Conclusions Our findings suggest that CPE supplementation during the peripartum period altered rumen microbiota composition and increased ruminal VFA contents, which further improved NEB and lactation performance, alleviated lipolysis and inflammatory response in adipose tissue, reduced lipid accumulation and promoted gluconeogenesis in liver. Thus, CPE might contribute to improve energy metabolism and consequently lactation performance of dairy cows during the transition period. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-49f2bbfb1ff64247a0a68c5a02cc445a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2049-1891 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj-art-49f2bbfb1ff64247a0a68c5a02cc445a2025-08-20T02:50:08ZengBMCJournal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2049-18912024-11-0115111410.1186/s40104-024-01110-8Dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract in transition period improves rumen microbial composition and ameliorates energy metabolism and lactation performance of dairy cowsLingxue Ju0Qi Shao1Zhiyuan Fang2Erminio Trevisi3Meng Chen4Yuxiang Song5Wenwen Gao6Lin Lei7Xinwei Li8Guowen Liu9Xiliang Du10State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityDepartment of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin UniversityAbstract Background During the transition period, excessive negative energy balance (NEB) lead to metabolic disorders and reduced milk yield. Rumen microbes are responsible for resolving plant material and producing volatile fatty acids (VFA), which are the primary energy source for cows. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of citrus peel extract (CPE) supplementation on rumen microbiota composition, energy metabolism and milk performance of peripartum dairy cows. Methods Dairy cows were fed either a basal diet (CON group) or the same basal diet supplemented with CPE via intragastric administration (4 g/d, CPE group) for 6 weeks (3 weeks before and 3 weeks after calving; n = 15 per group). Samples of serum, milk, rumen fluid, adipose tissue, and liver were collected to assess the effects of CPE on rumen microbiota composition, rumen fermentation parameters, milk performance, and energy metabolic status of dairy cows. Results CPE supplementation led to an increase in milk yield, milk protein and lactose contents, and serum glucose levels, while reduced serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid, insulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and haptoglobin during the first month of lactation. CPE supplementation also increased the content of ruminal VFA. Compared to the CON group, the abundance of Prevotellaceae, Methanobacteriaceae, Bacteroidales_RF16_group, and Selenomonadaceae was found increased, while the abundance of Oscillospiraceae, F082, Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, Muribaculaceae UCG-011, Saccharimonadaceae, Hungateiclostridiaceae, and Spirochaetaceae in the CPE group was found decreased. In adipose tissue, CPE supplementation decreased lipolysis, and inflammatory response, while increased insulin sensitivity. In the liver, CPE supplementation decreased lipid accumulation, increased insulin sensitivity, and upregulated expression of genes involved in gluconeogenesis. Conclusions Our findings suggest that CPE supplementation during the peripartum period altered rumen microbiota composition and increased ruminal VFA contents, which further improved NEB and lactation performance, alleviated lipolysis and inflammatory response in adipose tissue, reduced lipid accumulation and promoted gluconeogenesis in liver. Thus, CPE might contribute to improve energy metabolism and consequently lactation performance of dairy cows during the transition period.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-024-01110-8Adipose tissueCitrus peel extractEnergy metabolismLiverRumen microbiota |
| spellingShingle | Lingxue Ju Qi Shao Zhiyuan Fang Erminio Trevisi Meng Chen Yuxiang Song Wenwen Gao Lin Lei Xinwei Li Guowen Liu Xiliang Du Dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract in transition period improves rumen microbial composition and ameliorates energy metabolism and lactation performance of dairy cows Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology Adipose tissue Citrus peel extract Energy metabolism Liver Rumen microbiota |
| title | Dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract in transition period improves rumen microbial composition and ameliorates energy metabolism and lactation performance of dairy cows |
| title_full | Dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract in transition period improves rumen microbial composition and ameliorates energy metabolism and lactation performance of dairy cows |
| title_fullStr | Dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract in transition period improves rumen microbial composition and ameliorates energy metabolism and lactation performance of dairy cows |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract in transition period improves rumen microbial composition and ameliorates energy metabolism and lactation performance of dairy cows |
| title_short | Dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract in transition period improves rumen microbial composition and ameliorates energy metabolism and lactation performance of dairy cows |
| title_sort | dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract in transition period improves rumen microbial composition and ameliorates energy metabolism and lactation performance of dairy cows |
| topic | Adipose tissue Citrus peel extract Energy metabolism Liver Rumen microbiota |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-024-01110-8 |
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