Hyperhydricity-Induced Physiological Changes and Catechin Accumulation in Blueberry Hybrids (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum × V. angustifolium</i>)
Hyperhydricity is a significant challenge in the tissue culture of blueberry plantlets, affecting their propagation, survival and quality, which results in economic losses for industrial blueberry micropropagation. The in vitro liquid propagation of two half-highbush blueberry hybrids, HB<sub>...
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2025-04-01
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| author | Rajesh Barua Sayani Kundu Abir U. Igamberdiev Samir C. Debnath |
| author_facet | Rajesh Barua Sayani Kundu Abir U. Igamberdiev Samir C. Debnath |
| author_sort | Rajesh Barua |
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| description | Hyperhydricity is a significant challenge in the tissue culture of blueberry plantlets, affecting their propagation, survival and quality, which results in economic losses for industrial blueberry micropropagation. The in vitro liquid propagation of two half-highbush blueberry hybrids, HB<sub>1</sub> and HB<sub>2</sub>, showed that a Growtek stationary bioreactor culture system containing a liquid medium exhibited a higher hyperhydricity percentage than a Sigma glass culture system with a semi-solid medium. The percentage of hyperhydricity (75.21 ± 1.89%) and water content (72%) of HB<sub>2</sub> was more than that of HB<sub>1</sub>. A scanning electron microscopy study revealed that hyperhydric plantlets from both genotypes developed slowly, had closed stomata, and displayed enlarged intercellular spaces between the palisade and spongy parenchyma layers. Disrupted vascular bundles, underdeveloped sieve elements and a weak connection between phloem and xylem tissue were also observed in hyperhydric plantlets. An analysis of mesophyll and stem tissues highlighted a compressed adaxial epidermis, which led to compact palisade parenchyma, with irregularly shaped mesophyll cells. Hyperhydric plants showed strong nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals in the aliphatic, aromatic, and sugar regions, specifically at peaks of 2.0, 2.5, 4.0, 4.5, 6.0, and 6.7 ppm. These signals were attributed to the presence of catechin (C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), a flavonoid compound, suggesting its significant role or accumulation in these plants under hyperhydric conditions. Despite the negative effects of hyperhydricity on commercial propagation, hyperhydric plants were found to contain higher levels of valuable untargeted metabolites, such as <i>β</i>-<i>P</i>-arbutin, chlorogenic acid, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, epicatechin, 2-O-caffeoyl arbutin, various fatty acids, β-glucose, linolenic acid, and acetyl than both in vitro and ex vitro conditions. The enrichment of bioactive compounds in blueberry enhances its antioxidant properties, nutritional profile, and potential health benefits, making them significant for plant defense mechanisms and stress adaptation. |
| format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj-art-49df12a8d1044dddbcba2b68b4c9d69a2025-08-20T02:28:23ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242025-04-0111441810.3390/horticulturae11040418Hyperhydricity-Induced Physiological Changes and Catechin Accumulation in Blueberry Hybrids (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum × V. angustifolium</i>)Rajesh Barua0Sayani Kundu1Abir U. Igamberdiev2Samir C. Debnath3St. John’s Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St. John’s, NL A1E 0B2, CanadaSt. John’s Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St. John’s, NL A1E 0B2, CanadaDepartment of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, CanadaSt. John’s Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St. John’s, NL A1E 0B2, CanadaHyperhydricity is a significant challenge in the tissue culture of blueberry plantlets, affecting their propagation, survival and quality, which results in economic losses for industrial blueberry micropropagation. The in vitro liquid propagation of two half-highbush blueberry hybrids, HB<sub>1</sub> and HB<sub>2</sub>, showed that a Growtek stationary bioreactor culture system containing a liquid medium exhibited a higher hyperhydricity percentage than a Sigma glass culture system with a semi-solid medium. The percentage of hyperhydricity (75.21 ± 1.89%) and water content (72%) of HB<sub>2</sub> was more than that of HB<sub>1</sub>. A scanning electron microscopy study revealed that hyperhydric plantlets from both genotypes developed slowly, had closed stomata, and displayed enlarged intercellular spaces between the palisade and spongy parenchyma layers. Disrupted vascular bundles, underdeveloped sieve elements and a weak connection between phloem and xylem tissue were also observed in hyperhydric plantlets. An analysis of mesophyll and stem tissues highlighted a compressed adaxial epidermis, which led to compact palisade parenchyma, with irregularly shaped mesophyll cells. Hyperhydric plants showed strong nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals in the aliphatic, aromatic, and sugar regions, specifically at peaks of 2.0, 2.5, 4.0, 4.5, 6.0, and 6.7 ppm. These signals were attributed to the presence of catechin (C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), a flavonoid compound, suggesting its significant role or accumulation in these plants under hyperhydric conditions. Despite the negative effects of hyperhydricity on commercial propagation, hyperhydric plants were found to contain higher levels of valuable untargeted metabolites, such as <i>β</i>-<i>P</i>-arbutin, chlorogenic acid, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, epicatechin, 2-O-caffeoyl arbutin, various fatty acids, β-glucose, linolenic acid, and acetyl than both in vitro and ex vitro conditions. The enrichment of bioactive compounds in blueberry enhances its antioxidant properties, nutritional profile, and potential health benefits, making them significant for plant defense mechanisms and stress adaptation.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/4/418scanning electron microscopemesophyll tissuehistologyvascular bundlesNMRcatechin |
| spellingShingle | Rajesh Barua Sayani Kundu Abir U. Igamberdiev Samir C. Debnath Hyperhydricity-Induced Physiological Changes and Catechin Accumulation in Blueberry Hybrids (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum × V. angustifolium</i>) Horticulturae scanning electron microscope mesophyll tissue histology vascular bundles NMR catechin |
| title | Hyperhydricity-Induced Physiological Changes and Catechin Accumulation in Blueberry Hybrids (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum × V. angustifolium</i>) |
| title_full | Hyperhydricity-Induced Physiological Changes and Catechin Accumulation in Blueberry Hybrids (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum × V. angustifolium</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Hyperhydricity-Induced Physiological Changes and Catechin Accumulation in Blueberry Hybrids (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum × V. angustifolium</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hyperhydricity-Induced Physiological Changes and Catechin Accumulation in Blueberry Hybrids (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum × V. angustifolium</i>) |
| title_short | Hyperhydricity-Induced Physiological Changes and Catechin Accumulation in Blueberry Hybrids (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum × V. angustifolium</i>) |
| title_sort | hyperhydricity induced physiological changes and catechin accumulation in blueberry hybrids i vaccinium corymbosum v angustifolium i |
| topic | scanning electron microscope mesophyll tissue histology vascular bundles NMR catechin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/4/418 |
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