Lactobacillus GG and other probiotics in pediatric food allergy treatment: a network meta-analysis

BackgroundFood allergies are a significant health challenge in children, impacting quality of life and posing a burden on healthcare systems. Probiotics have been proposed as a potential treatment for food allergies, but their efficacy remains controversial. This systematic review and network meta-a...

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Main Authors: Li Xiaohua, Du Yiting, Li Qin, Zhai Yang, Wu Shumao, Peng Li, Pan Yi, Chen Lingmei, Liao Wenge, Li Maoxia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1565436/full
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author Li Xiaohua
Du Yiting
Li Qin
Zhai Yang
Wu Shumao
Peng Li
Pan Yi
Chen Lingmei
Liao Wenge
Li Maoxia
author_facet Li Xiaohua
Du Yiting
Li Qin
Zhai Yang
Wu Shumao
Peng Li
Pan Yi
Chen Lingmei
Liao Wenge
Li Maoxia
author_sort Li Xiaohua
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundFood allergies are a significant health challenge in children, impacting quality of life and posing a burden on healthcare systems. Probiotics have been proposed as a potential treatment for food allergies, but their efficacy remains controversial. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of different probiotics in managing pediatric food allergies.MethodsFollowing the Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Medline up to March 5, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating probiotics for pediatric food allergies were included. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used for quality assessment. Network meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models to calculate standardized mean differences (SMDs), odds ratios (ORs), and surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) for different probiotics.ResultsSixteen RCTs involving 1,502 participants aged 1 month to 10 years were included. Eight probiotic interventions were analyzed. Lactobacillus GG (LGG) was identified as the most effective in reducing Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) scores (SMD = −4.24, 95% CI [−7.12, −1.36]; p < 0.05) and improving quality of life. For IgE regulation, Lactobacillus acidophilus (LB) demonstrated the greatest efficacy (p < 0.05). Publication bias was minimal for SCORAD and IgE outcomes, but some bias was detected for quality of life due to the limited number of studies.ConclusionThis study suggests that LGG is the most effective probiotic for improving clinical outcomes in pediatric food allergy management, particularly for SCORAD scores and quality of life. However, further high-quality RCTs are needed to validate these findings and explore the mechanisms underlying the differential efficacy of probiotic strains.
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spelling doaj-art-49cef8b2e7e94bb58324c33da20e794f2025-08-20T03:19:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-06-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15654361565436Lactobacillus GG and other probiotics in pediatric food allergy treatment: a network meta-analysisLi XiaohuaDu YitingLi QinZhai YangWu ShumaoPeng LiPan YiChen LingmeiLiao WengeLi MaoxiaBackgroundFood allergies are a significant health challenge in children, impacting quality of life and posing a burden on healthcare systems. Probiotics have been proposed as a potential treatment for food allergies, but their efficacy remains controversial. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of different probiotics in managing pediatric food allergies.MethodsFollowing the Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Medline up to March 5, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating probiotics for pediatric food allergies were included. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used for quality assessment. Network meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models to calculate standardized mean differences (SMDs), odds ratios (ORs), and surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) for different probiotics.ResultsSixteen RCTs involving 1,502 participants aged 1 month to 10 years were included. Eight probiotic interventions were analyzed. Lactobacillus GG (LGG) was identified as the most effective in reducing Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) scores (SMD = −4.24, 95% CI [−7.12, −1.36]; p < 0.05) and improving quality of life. For IgE regulation, Lactobacillus acidophilus (LB) demonstrated the greatest efficacy (p < 0.05). Publication bias was minimal for SCORAD and IgE outcomes, but some bias was detected for quality of life due to the limited number of studies.ConclusionThis study suggests that LGG is the most effective probiotic for improving clinical outcomes in pediatric food allergy management, particularly for SCORAD scores and quality of life. However, further high-quality RCTs are needed to validate these findings and explore the mechanisms underlying the differential efficacy of probiotic strains.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1565436/fullfood allergypediatricprobioticsnetwork meta-analysisSCORADLactobacillus GG
spellingShingle Li Xiaohua
Du Yiting
Li Qin
Zhai Yang
Wu Shumao
Peng Li
Pan Yi
Chen Lingmei
Liao Wenge
Li Maoxia
Lactobacillus GG and other probiotics in pediatric food allergy treatment: a network meta-analysis
Frontiers in Nutrition
food allergy
pediatric
probiotics
network meta-analysis
SCORAD
Lactobacillus GG
title Lactobacillus GG and other probiotics in pediatric food allergy treatment: a network meta-analysis
title_full Lactobacillus GG and other probiotics in pediatric food allergy treatment: a network meta-analysis
title_fullStr Lactobacillus GG and other probiotics in pediatric food allergy treatment: a network meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Lactobacillus GG and other probiotics in pediatric food allergy treatment: a network meta-analysis
title_short Lactobacillus GG and other probiotics in pediatric food allergy treatment: a network meta-analysis
title_sort lactobacillus gg and other probiotics in pediatric food allergy treatment a network meta analysis
topic food allergy
pediatric
probiotics
network meta-analysis
SCORAD
Lactobacillus GG
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1565436/full
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