History and Habitability of the LP 890-9 Planetary System
We present numerous aspects of the evolution of the LP 890-9 (SPECULOOS-2/TOI-4306) planetary system, focusing on the likelihood that planet c can support life. We find that the host star reaches the main sequence in 1 Gyr and that planet c lies close to the inner boundary of the habitable zone. We...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Rory Barnes Laura N. R. do Amaral Jessica Birky Ludmila Carone Peter Driscoll Joseph R. Livesey David Graham Juliette Becker Kaiming Cui Martin Schlecker Rodolfo Garcia Megan Gialluca Arthur Adams MD Redyan Ahmed Paul Bonney Wynter Broussard Chetan Chawla Mario Damasso William C. Danchi Russell Deitrick Elsa Ducrot Emeline F. Fromont Brandt A. L. Gaches Sakshi Gupta Michelle L. Hill James A. G. Jackman Estelle M. Janin Mikołaj Karawacki Matheus Daniel Koren Roberto La Greca Michaela Leung Arturo Miranda-Rosete Michael Kent A. Olohoy Cecelia Ngo Daria Paul Chandan Kumar Sahu Debajyoti Basu Sarkar Mohammad Afzal Shadab Edward W. Schwieterman Melissa Sedler Katie Texeira Allona Vazan Karen N. Delgado Vega Rohit Vijayakumar Jonathan T. Wojack |
| author_facet | Rory Barnes Laura N. R. do Amaral Jessica Birky Ludmila Carone Peter Driscoll Joseph R. Livesey David Graham Juliette Becker Kaiming Cui Martin Schlecker Rodolfo Garcia Megan Gialluca Arthur Adams MD Redyan Ahmed Paul Bonney Wynter Broussard Chetan Chawla Mario Damasso William C. Danchi Russell Deitrick Elsa Ducrot Emeline F. Fromont Brandt A. L. Gaches Sakshi Gupta Michelle L. Hill James A. G. Jackman Estelle M. Janin Mikołaj Karawacki Matheus Daniel Koren Roberto La Greca Michaela Leung Arturo Miranda-Rosete Michael Kent A. Olohoy Cecelia Ngo Daria Paul Chandan Kumar Sahu Debajyoti Basu Sarkar Mohammad Afzal Shadab Edward W. Schwieterman Melissa Sedler Katie Texeira Allona Vazan Karen N. Delgado Vega Rohit Vijayakumar Jonathan T. Wojack |
| author_sort | Rory Barnes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present numerous aspects of the evolution of the LP 890-9 (SPECULOOS-2/TOI-4306) planetary system, focusing on the likelihood that planet c can support life. We find that the host star reaches the main sequence in 1 Gyr and that planet c lies close to the inner boundary of the habitable zone. We find the magma ocean stage can last up to 50 Myr, remove eight Earth oceans of water, and leave up to 2000 bars of oxygen in the atmosphere. However, if the planet forms with a hydrogen envelope as small as 0.1 Earth masses, no water will be lost during the star's pre-main-sequence phase from thermal escape processes. We find that the planets are unlikely to be in a 3:1 mean motion resonance and that both planets tidally circularize within 0.5 Gyr when tidal dissipation is held constant. However, if tidal dissipation is a function of mantle temperature and rheology, then we find that planet c's orbit may require more than 7 Gyr to circularize, during which time tidal heating may reach hundreds of terawatts. We thus conclude that the habitability of planet c depends most strongly on the initial volatile content and internal properties, but no data yet preclude the viability of an active biosphere on the planet. |
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| id | doaj-art-49c88866500944d6959d314d36de644b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2632-3338 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-49c88866500944d6959d314d36de644b2025-01-30T14:23:33ZengIOP PublishingThe Planetary Science Journal2632-33382025-01-01612510.3847/PSJ/ad94dcHistory and Habitability of the LP 890-9 Planetary SystemRory Barnes0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6487-5445Laura N. R. do Amaral1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8341-0376Jessica Birky2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7961-6881Ludmila Carone3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9355-3752Peter Driscoll4Joseph R. Livesey5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-3753David Graham6Juliette Becker7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7733-4522Kaiming Cui8https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1535-5587Martin Schlecker9https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8355-2107Rodolfo Garcia10Megan Gialluca11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2587-0841Arthur Adams12https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-3695MD Redyan Ahmed13https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7483-9982Paul Bonney14https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4473-0297Wynter Broussard15https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2304-3419Chetan Chawla16https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5408-4156Mario Damasso17https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-4278William C. Danchi18https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9209-5830Russell Deitrick19https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9423-8121Elsa Ducrot20https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7008-6888Emeline F. Fromont21https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3099-0493Brandt A. L. Gaches22https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-6829Sakshi Gupta23https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8920-1495Michelle L. Hill24https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0139-4756James A. G. Jackman25Estelle M. Janin26https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0475-8479Mikołaj Karawacki27https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1505-287XMatheus Daniel Koren28https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9705-8019Roberto La Greca29Michaela Leung30https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1906-5093Arturo Miranda-Rosete31https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2857-0131Michael Kent A. Olohoy32https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5489-540XCecelia Ngo33Daria Paul34https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6289-0756Chandan Kumar Sahu35https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1057-2320Debajyoti Basu Sarkar36https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2827-579XMohammad Afzal Shadab37https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0797-5017Edward W. Schwieterman38https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-2163Melissa Sedler39Katie Texeira40Allona Vazan41https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9504-3174Karen N. Delgado Vega42Rohit Vijayakumar43https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4258-7175Jonathan T. Wojack44https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1896-7597Astronomy Department, University of Washington , Box 315180, Seattle, WA 98195, USA ; rory@astro.washington.eduInstituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Cto. Exterior S/N, C.U., Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico; School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , 781 Terrace Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Consortium on Habitability and Atmospheres of M-dwarf Planets (CHAMPs) , Laurel, MD, USA; NASA Virtual Planetary Laboratory Lead Team , USAAstronomy Department, University of Washington , Box 315180, Seattle, WA 98195, USA ; rory@astro.washington.eduSpace Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences , Schmiedlstrasse 6, A-8042 Graz, Austria; Centre for Exoplanet Science, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews, KY169SS, UKEarth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , 5241 Broad Branch Road, Washington, DC 20015, USAAstronomy Department, University of Washington , Box 315180, Seattle, WA 98195, USA ; rory@astro.washington.edu; Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin–Madison , 475 N. Charter Street, Madison, WI 53706, USAInstitut für Theoretische Astrophysik (ITA) , Zentrum für Astronomie (ZAH), Universität Heidelberg, Albert-Ueberle-Str.2 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyDepartment of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin–Madison , 475 N. Charter Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USATsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of ChinaSteward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, The University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721, USAAstronomy Department, University of Washington , Box 315180, Seattle, WA 98195, USA ; rory@astro.washington.eduAstronomy Department, University of Washington , Box 315180, Seattle, WA 98195, USA ; rory@astro.washington.eduDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California , Riverside, CA 92521, USADepartment of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , West Bengal 741246, IndiaDepartment of Physics, University of Arkansas , 825 W. Dickson Street, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USADepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California , Riverside, CA 92521, USAIndependent Researcher, New Delhi 110027, IndiaINAF—Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino , Via Osservatorio 20, I-0025, Pino Torinese (TO), ItalyNASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USASchool of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria , Victoria, British Columbia, CanadaAIM , CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceDepartment of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USADepartment of Space, Earth & Environment, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; Center for Planetary Systems Habitability, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USACenter of Excellence in Space Sciences India, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246, India; Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246, IndiaDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California , Riverside, CA 92521, USASchool of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 82587, USASchool of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 82587, USADepartment of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University , Toruń, PolandInstituto de Matemática , Estatística e Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, BrazilBiology Consultant Freelancer , Lodi CAP 26900, Lombardia, ItalyDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California , Riverside, CA 92521, USAInstituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Cto. Exterior S/N, C.U., Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, CDMX, MexicoDepartment of Earth and Space Sciences, Rizal Technological University , Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong, 1550 Metro Manila, PhilippinesDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Riverside 92521, USAPhysikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln , Zälpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, GermanyNational Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar , Jatni 752050, Odisha, IndiaIndependent Researcher, White Hall, AR 71602, USACenter for Planetary Systems Habitability, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USADepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California , Riverside, CA 92521, USAIndependent Researcher , Phoenix, AZ 85048, USADepartment of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USAAstrophysics Research Center (ARCO) , Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Raanana 4353701, IsraelUniversity of Puerto Rico at Arecibo , Puerto Rico, USADivecha Center for Climate Change, India Institute of Science , Bengaluru 560012, Karnataka, IndiaUniversity of Southern Queensland , Toowoomba QLD 4350, AustraliaWe present numerous aspects of the evolution of the LP 890-9 (SPECULOOS-2/TOI-4306) planetary system, focusing on the likelihood that planet c can support life. We find that the host star reaches the main sequence in 1 Gyr and that planet c lies close to the inner boundary of the habitable zone. We find the magma ocean stage can last up to 50 Myr, remove eight Earth oceans of water, and leave up to 2000 bars of oxygen in the atmosphere. However, if the planet forms with a hydrogen envelope as small as 0.1 Earth masses, no water will be lost during the star's pre-main-sequence phase from thermal escape processes. We find that the planets are unlikely to be in a 3:1 mean motion resonance and that both planets tidally circularize within 0.5 Gyr when tidal dissipation is held constant. However, if tidal dissipation is a function of mantle temperature and rheology, then we find that planet c's orbit may require more than 7 Gyr to circularize, during which time tidal heating may reach hundreds of terawatts. We thus conclude that the habitability of planet c depends most strongly on the initial volatile content and internal properties, but no data yet preclude the viability of an active biosphere on the planet.https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ad94dcExoplanets |
| spellingShingle | Rory Barnes Laura N. R. do Amaral Jessica Birky Ludmila Carone Peter Driscoll Joseph R. Livesey David Graham Juliette Becker Kaiming Cui Martin Schlecker Rodolfo Garcia Megan Gialluca Arthur Adams MD Redyan Ahmed Paul Bonney Wynter Broussard Chetan Chawla Mario Damasso William C. Danchi Russell Deitrick Elsa Ducrot Emeline F. Fromont Brandt A. L. Gaches Sakshi Gupta Michelle L. Hill James A. G. Jackman Estelle M. Janin Mikołaj Karawacki Matheus Daniel Koren Roberto La Greca Michaela Leung Arturo Miranda-Rosete Michael Kent A. Olohoy Cecelia Ngo Daria Paul Chandan Kumar Sahu Debajyoti Basu Sarkar Mohammad Afzal Shadab Edward W. Schwieterman Melissa Sedler Katie Texeira Allona Vazan Karen N. Delgado Vega Rohit Vijayakumar Jonathan T. Wojack History and Habitability of the LP 890-9 Planetary System The Planetary Science Journal Exoplanets |
| title | History and Habitability of the LP 890-9 Planetary System |
| title_full | History and Habitability of the LP 890-9 Planetary System |
| title_fullStr | History and Habitability of the LP 890-9 Planetary System |
| title_full_unstemmed | History and Habitability of the LP 890-9 Planetary System |
| title_short | History and Habitability of the LP 890-9 Planetary System |
| title_sort | history and habitability of the lp 890 9 planetary system |
| topic | Exoplanets |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ad94dc |
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