Treatment outcomes of bedaquiline-based longer oral antitubercular regimens in Indian children above five years of age

Background and Objective: This study evaluates the treatment outcomes and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of longer oral bedaquiline (BDQ)-based (without delamanid) antitubercular therapy (ATT) regimens in children aged 5–18 years. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between June 2021 and Feb...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ira Shah, Dhruv N. Gandhi, Ramsha Ansari, Himanshu Warse, Sachi Kalawadia, Tsering Yangchen, Daksha Shah, Varsha Puri, Sanjay Mattoo, Minnie Bodhanwala
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-07-01
Series:Lung India
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_609_24
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849425532652879872
author Ira Shah
Dhruv N. Gandhi
Ramsha Ansari
Himanshu Warse
Sachi Kalawadia
Tsering Yangchen
Daksha Shah
Varsha Puri
Sanjay Mattoo
Minnie Bodhanwala
author_facet Ira Shah
Dhruv N. Gandhi
Ramsha Ansari
Himanshu Warse
Sachi Kalawadia
Tsering Yangchen
Daksha Shah
Varsha Puri
Sanjay Mattoo
Minnie Bodhanwala
author_sort Ira Shah
collection DOAJ
description Background and Objective: This study evaluates the treatment outcomes and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of longer oral bedaquiline (BDQ)-based (without delamanid) antitubercular therapy (ATT) regimens in children aged 5–18 years. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between June 2021 and February 2024. We included 105 children diagnosed with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and treated with longer oral BDQ-based regimens. Duration of treatment was based on clinico-radiological resolution and multiple ADRs. Data on demographics, clinical features, resistance patterns, treatment regimens, outcomes, and adverse effects were analyzed. Results: Mean age was 11.29 ± 3.20 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 0.42:1. Prior ATT exposure was reported in 61 (58.1%), with previous treatment failure in 34 (55.7% of those with prior exposure) patients. BDQ was administered for a median duration of 6 months, with 14 (13.33%) requiring extension. BMLCC (bedaquiline–moxifloxacin–linezolid–cycloserine–clofazimine) regimen was received by 61 (58.1%), and BLCC ± additional drugs (bedaquiline–linezolid–clofazimine–cycloserine) regimen was received by 30 (28.6%) patients. Treatment completion was achieved in 75 (71.43%) patients with a mean duration of 22.50 ± 7.50 months, of which 35 (46.67%) required treatment for 18 months, 32 (42.67%) required treatment for more than 18 months, and 8 (10.67%) patients required treatment stoppage before 18 months in view of multiple ADRs. Fifty-one (48.6%) patients had ADRs, including QTc prolongation in 25 (23.8%), psychosis 11 (10.5%), and vomiting 7 (6.7%). Conclusion: BDQ-based regimens are effective in treating pediatric DR-TB, with high treatment completion rates. However, the duration of treatment is 18 months or longer in most patients based on clinico-radiological resolution. ADRs, particularly QTcF prolongation, warrant close monitoring and follow-up.
format Article
id doaj-art-499438a3f6c6402ca87da61d56f8e07c
institution Kabale University
issn 0970-2113
0974-598X
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
record_format Article
series Lung India
spelling doaj-art-499438a3f6c6402ca87da61d56f8e07c2025-08-20T03:29:44ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsLung India0970-21130974-598X2025-07-0142433033610.4103/lungindia.lungindia_609_24Treatment outcomes of bedaquiline-based longer oral antitubercular regimens in Indian children above five years of ageIra ShahDhruv N. GandhiRamsha AnsariHimanshu WarseSachi KalawadiaTsering YangchenDaksha ShahVarsha PuriSanjay MattooMinnie BodhanwalaBackground and Objective: This study evaluates the treatment outcomes and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of longer oral bedaquiline (BDQ)-based (without delamanid) antitubercular therapy (ATT) regimens in children aged 5–18 years. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between June 2021 and February 2024. We included 105 children diagnosed with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and treated with longer oral BDQ-based regimens. Duration of treatment was based on clinico-radiological resolution and multiple ADRs. Data on demographics, clinical features, resistance patterns, treatment regimens, outcomes, and adverse effects were analyzed. Results: Mean age was 11.29 ± 3.20 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 0.42:1. Prior ATT exposure was reported in 61 (58.1%), with previous treatment failure in 34 (55.7% of those with prior exposure) patients. BDQ was administered for a median duration of 6 months, with 14 (13.33%) requiring extension. BMLCC (bedaquiline–moxifloxacin–linezolid–cycloserine–clofazimine) regimen was received by 61 (58.1%), and BLCC ± additional drugs (bedaquiline–linezolid–clofazimine–cycloserine) regimen was received by 30 (28.6%) patients. Treatment completion was achieved in 75 (71.43%) patients with a mean duration of 22.50 ± 7.50 months, of which 35 (46.67%) required treatment for 18 months, 32 (42.67%) required treatment for more than 18 months, and 8 (10.67%) patients required treatment stoppage before 18 months in view of multiple ADRs. Fifty-one (48.6%) patients had ADRs, including QTc prolongation in 25 (23.8%), psychosis 11 (10.5%), and vomiting 7 (6.7%). Conclusion: BDQ-based regimens are effective in treating pediatric DR-TB, with high treatment completion rates. However, the duration of treatment is 18 months or longer in most patients based on clinico-radiological resolution. ADRs, particularly QTcF prolongation, warrant close monitoring and follow-up.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_609_24antitubercular therapychildhood tuberculosisdrug-resistant tuberculosislong dr-tb regimenspediatric tuberculosisqt prolongation
spellingShingle Ira Shah
Dhruv N. Gandhi
Ramsha Ansari
Himanshu Warse
Sachi Kalawadia
Tsering Yangchen
Daksha Shah
Varsha Puri
Sanjay Mattoo
Minnie Bodhanwala
Treatment outcomes of bedaquiline-based longer oral antitubercular regimens in Indian children above five years of age
Lung India
antitubercular therapy
childhood tuberculosis
drug-resistant tuberculosis
long dr-tb regimens
pediatric tuberculosis
qt prolongation
title Treatment outcomes of bedaquiline-based longer oral antitubercular regimens in Indian children above five years of age
title_full Treatment outcomes of bedaquiline-based longer oral antitubercular regimens in Indian children above five years of age
title_fullStr Treatment outcomes of bedaquiline-based longer oral antitubercular regimens in Indian children above five years of age
title_full_unstemmed Treatment outcomes of bedaquiline-based longer oral antitubercular regimens in Indian children above five years of age
title_short Treatment outcomes of bedaquiline-based longer oral antitubercular regimens in Indian children above five years of age
title_sort treatment outcomes of bedaquiline based longer oral antitubercular regimens in indian children above five years of age
topic antitubercular therapy
childhood tuberculosis
drug-resistant tuberculosis
long dr-tb regimens
pediatric tuberculosis
qt prolongation
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_609_24
work_keys_str_mv AT irashah treatmentoutcomesofbedaquilinebasedlongeroralantitubercularregimensinindianchildrenabovefiveyearsofage
AT dhruvngandhi treatmentoutcomesofbedaquilinebasedlongeroralantitubercularregimensinindianchildrenabovefiveyearsofage
AT ramshaansari treatmentoutcomesofbedaquilinebasedlongeroralantitubercularregimensinindianchildrenabovefiveyearsofage
AT himanshuwarse treatmentoutcomesofbedaquilinebasedlongeroralantitubercularregimensinindianchildrenabovefiveyearsofage
AT sachikalawadia treatmentoutcomesofbedaquilinebasedlongeroralantitubercularregimensinindianchildrenabovefiveyearsofage
AT tseringyangchen treatmentoutcomesofbedaquilinebasedlongeroralantitubercularregimensinindianchildrenabovefiveyearsofage
AT dakshashah treatmentoutcomesofbedaquilinebasedlongeroralantitubercularregimensinindianchildrenabovefiveyearsofage
AT varshapuri treatmentoutcomesofbedaquilinebasedlongeroralantitubercularregimensinindianchildrenabovefiveyearsofage
AT sanjaymattoo treatmentoutcomesofbedaquilinebasedlongeroralantitubercularregimensinindianchildrenabovefiveyearsofage
AT minniebodhanwala treatmentoutcomesofbedaquilinebasedlongeroralantitubercularregimensinindianchildrenabovefiveyearsofage