Cardiovascular Aging
Aging is a slow, progressive, and inevitable process that affects multiple organs and tissues, including the cardiovascular system. The most frequent cardiac and vascular alterations that are observed in older adults (especially patients aged ≥80 years) are diastolic and systolic dysfunction, progre...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IMR Press
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/RCM/26/7/10.31083/RCM27437 |
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| author | Marco Tana Rachele Piccinini Livia Moffa Ettore Porreca Fernando Tana Claudio Tana |
| author_facet | Marco Tana Rachele Piccinini Livia Moffa Ettore Porreca Fernando Tana Claudio Tana |
| author_sort | Marco Tana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aging is a slow, progressive, and inevitable process that affects multiple organs and tissues, including the cardiovascular system. The most frequent cardiac and vascular alterations that are observed in older adults (especially patients aged ≥80 years) are diastolic and systolic dysfunction, progressive stiffening of the vascular wall and endothelial impairment usually driven by an excess of extracellular matrix (ECM) and profibrotic substances, reduced levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), or by amyloid and calcium deposits in myocardium and valves (especially in aortic valves). Moreover, deformation of the heart structure and shape, or increased adipose tissue and muscle atrophy, or altered ion homeostasis, chronotropic disability, reduced heart rate, and impaired atrial sinus node (SN) activity are other common findings. Interestingly, aging is often associated with oxidative stress, alterations in the mitochondrial structure and function, and a low-grade proinflammatory state, characterized by high concentrations of cytokines and inflammatory cells, without evidence of infectious pathogens, in a condition known as ‘inflammaging’. Aging is a well-recognized independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and easily leads to high mortality, morbidity, and reduced quality of life. Recently, several efforts have been made to mitigate and delay these alterations, aiming to maintain overall health and longevity. The primary purpose of this review was to provide an accurate description of the underlying mechanisms while also exploring new therapeutic proposals for oxidative stress and inflammaging. Moreover, combining serum biomarkers with appropriate imaging tests can be an effective strategy to stratify and direct the most suitable treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-497bd8524e694e7d82b149c9357a6e7b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1530-6550 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | IMR Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-497bd8524e694e7d82b149c9357a6e7b2025-08-20T03:39:57ZengIMR PressReviews in Cardiovascular Medicine1530-65502025-07-012672743710.31083/RCM27437S1530-6550(25)01901-5Cardiovascular AgingMarco Tana0Rachele Piccinini1Livia Moffa2Ettore Porreca3Fernando Tana4Claudio Tana5Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Ultrasound Unit, Medical Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, 66100 Chieti, ItalyOncology Unit, School of Medical Oncology, Polytechnic University of the Marche, 60121 Ancona, ItalyInfectious Diseases Unit, School of Infectious Diseases, G. D’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, ItalyInternal Medicine and Cardiovascular Ultrasound Unit, Medical Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, 66100 Chieti, ItalyAUSL Pescara, 65125 Pescara, ItalyGeriatric Clinic, SS Annunziata Hospital, 66100 Chieti, ItalyAging is a slow, progressive, and inevitable process that affects multiple organs and tissues, including the cardiovascular system. The most frequent cardiac and vascular alterations that are observed in older adults (especially patients aged ≥80 years) are diastolic and systolic dysfunction, progressive stiffening of the vascular wall and endothelial impairment usually driven by an excess of extracellular matrix (ECM) and profibrotic substances, reduced levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), or by amyloid and calcium deposits in myocardium and valves (especially in aortic valves). Moreover, deformation of the heart structure and shape, or increased adipose tissue and muscle atrophy, or altered ion homeostasis, chronotropic disability, reduced heart rate, and impaired atrial sinus node (SN) activity are other common findings. Interestingly, aging is often associated with oxidative stress, alterations in the mitochondrial structure and function, and a low-grade proinflammatory state, characterized by high concentrations of cytokines and inflammatory cells, without evidence of infectious pathogens, in a condition known as ‘inflammaging’. Aging is a well-recognized independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and easily leads to high mortality, morbidity, and reduced quality of life. Recently, several efforts have been made to mitigate and delay these alterations, aiming to maintain overall health and longevity. The primary purpose of this review was to provide an accurate description of the underlying mechanisms while also exploring new therapeutic proposals for oxidative stress and inflammaging. Moreover, combining serum biomarkers with appropriate imaging tests can be an effective strategy to stratify and direct the most suitable treatment.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/RCM/26/7/10.31083/RCM27437cardiovascular agingcardiac amyloidosisheart failureejection fractionoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Marco Tana Rachele Piccinini Livia Moffa Ettore Porreca Fernando Tana Claudio Tana Cardiovascular Aging Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine cardiovascular aging cardiac amyloidosis heart failure ejection fraction oxidative stress |
| title | Cardiovascular Aging |
| title_full | Cardiovascular Aging |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular Aging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular Aging |
| title_short | Cardiovascular Aging |
| title_sort | cardiovascular aging |
| topic | cardiovascular aging cardiac amyloidosis heart failure ejection fraction oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/RCM/26/7/10.31083/RCM27437 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marcotana cardiovascularaging AT rachelepiccinini cardiovascularaging AT liviamoffa cardiovascularaging AT ettoreporreca cardiovascularaging AT fernandotana cardiovascularaging AT claudiotana cardiovascularaging |