Psychosocial factors influencing dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults: an ecological momentary assessment approach
BackgroundDietary management in diabetic patients is affected by psychosocial factors and the social-environmental context. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) allows patients to consistently report their experiences in real-time over a certain period and across different contexts. Despite the imp...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1464542/full |
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| author | Junichi Saito Hiroaki Kumano Hiroaki Kumano |
| author_facet | Junichi Saito Hiroaki Kumano Hiroaki Kumano |
| author_sort | Junichi Saito |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundDietary management in diabetic patients is affected by psychosocial factors and the social-environmental context. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) allows patients to consistently report their experiences in real-time over a certain period and across different contexts. Despite the importance of dietary management, only a few EMA studies have been conducted on dietary management and psychosocial factors in patients with type 2 diabetes; further evidence must be gathered. Therefore, this study examined dietary management and psychosocial factors using EMA, comparing type 2 diabetes patients with healthy adults.MethodsA total of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes and 16 healthy adults underwent EMA. Relying on event-contingent recordings, this study evaluated the participants’ mood (e.g., anxiety, anger, vigor), appetite (hunger, craving), meal types (e.g., breakfast), location (e.g., eating out), companions (e.g., family), and dietary lapses (e.g., I ate a larger portion of a meal or snack than I intended) before and after meals. Dietary lapse recording after meals was paired with psychosocial data before meals. Only the type 2 diabetes patients used a sensor-based glucose monitoring system (Freestyle Libre Pro, Abbot) and wearable activity monitors (GT3X-BT, ActiGraph).ResultsThe EMA produced a total of 4,254 responses. Dietary lapse predicted two-hour postprandial glucose through a sensor-based glucose monitoring system. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed. For diabetes patients, dietary lapse was affected by vigor, fatigue, and cravings before eating. Meanwhile, for healthy adults, only fatigue before meals affected dietary lapse, and increased vigor from dietary intake was associated with dietary lapse. In both type 2 diabetes patients and healthy adults, eating-out situations were linked to dietary lapse.ConclusionThe results suggest differences in psychosocial factors influencing dietary lapse between patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults. EMA is well suited to assess psychosocial factors that drive dietary management in diabetic patients. This study further discussed the possibility of individual approaches using EMA data. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-496d48fec0e54e1999c2797a7eb48616 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj-art-496d48fec0e54e1999c2797a7eb486162025-01-07T04:14:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782025-01-011510.3389/fpsyg.2024.14645421464542Psychosocial factors influencing dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults: an ecological momentary assessment approachJunichi Saito0Hiroaki Kumano1Hiroaki Kumano2Comprehensive Research Organization, Waseda University, Tokyo, JapanComprehensive Research Organization, Waseda University, Tokyo, JapanGraduate School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, JapanBackgroundDietary management in diabetic patients is affected by psychosocial factors and the social-environmental context. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) allows patients to consistently report their experiences in real-time over a certain period and across different contexts. Despite the importance of dietary management, only a few EMA studies have been conducted on dietary management and psychosocial factors in patients with type 2 diabetes; further evidence must be gathered. Therefore, this study examined dietary management and psychosocial factors using EMA, comparing type 2 diabetes patients with healthy adults.MethodsA total of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes and 16 healthy adults underwent EMA. Relying on event-contingent recordings, this study evaluated the participants’ mood (e.g., anxiety, anger, vigor), appetite (hunger, craving), meal types (e.g., breakfast), location (e.g., eating out), companions (e.g., family), and dietary lapses (e.g., I ate a larger portion of a meal or snack than I intended) before and after meals. Dietary lapse recording after meals was paired with psychosocial data before meals. Only the type 2 diabetes patients used a sensor-based glucose monitoring system (Freestyle Libre Pro, Abbot) and wearable activity monitors (GT3X-BT, ActiGraph).ResultsThe EMA produced a total of 4,254 responses. Dietary lapse predicted two-hour postprandial glucose through a sensor-based glucose monitoring system. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed. For diabetes patients, dietary lapse was affected by vigor, fatigue, and cravings before eating. Meanwhile, for healthy adults, only fatigue before meals affected dietary lapse, and increased vigor from dietary intake was associated with dietary lapse. In both type 2 diabetes patients and healthy adults, eating-out situations were linked to dietary lapse.ConclusionThe results suggest differences in psychosocial factors influencing dietary lapse between patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults. EMA is well suited to assess psychosocial factors that drive dietary management in diabetic patients. This study further discussed the possibility of individual approaches using EMA data.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1464542/fulltype 2 diabetesecological momentary assessmentflash glucose monitoring systemdietary managementphysical activitypsychosocial factors |
| spellingShingle | Junichi Saito Hiroaki Kumano Hiroaki Kumano Psychosocial factors influencing dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults: an ecological momentary assessment approach Frontiers in Psychology type 2 diabetes ecological momentary assessment flash glucose monitoring system dietary management physical activity psychosocial factors |
| title | Psychosocial factors influencing dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults: an ecological momentary assessment approach |
| title_full | Psychosocial factors influencing dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults: an ecological momentary assessment approach |
| title_fullStr | Psychosocial factors influencing dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults: an ecological momentary assessment approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychosocial factors influencing dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults: an ecological momentary assessment approach |
| title_short | Psychosocial factors influencing dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults: an ecological momentary assessment approach |
| title_sort | psychosocial factors influencing dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults an ecological momentary assessment approach |
| topic | type 2 diabetes ecological momentary assessment flash glucose monitoring system dietary management physical activity psychosocial factors |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1464542/full |
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