Optimising crown-of-thorns starfish control effort on the Great Barrier Reef.

Outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci (COTS), a disruptive coral-eating predator, are responsible for almost half of total coral cover loss on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. As the pressures of climate change continue to intensify the frequency and severity of disturbance ev...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kanupriya Agarwal, Michael Bode, Kate J Helmstedt
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302616
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849715313561567232
author Kanupriya Agarwal
Michael Bode
Kate J Helmstedt
author_facet Kanupriya Agarwal
Michael Bode
Kate J Helmstedt
author_sort Kanupriya Agarwal
collection DOAJ
description Outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci (COTS), a disruptive coral-eating predator, are responsible for almost half of total coral cover loss on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. As the pressures of climate change continue to intensify the frequency and severity of disturbance events such as cyclones and coral bleaching, efficiently managing COTS outbreaks is essential for reef protection. We aim to understand how the spatial distribution and intensity of crown-of-thorns starfish control - specifically manual culling of COTS by human divers - can impact coral cover on the GBR. We construct a metapopulation model based on a predator-prey model with larval dispersal and removal of crown-of-thorns starfish to simulate and compare spatial control strategies. When outbreaks begin on reefs between Cairns and Cooktown, we found the best strategy is to target those reefs at the source of the COTS outbreak. Increasing the spatial spread of control results in a larger spatial area protected across the GBR, but a lower total coral cover on the GBR. Our findings suggest that carefully targeting future control by considering larval connectivity patterns and spatial control strategies could lead to more efficient crown-of-thorns management. With the increasing pressures of climate change, any efficiency gains in reef management will prove beneficial for the Great Barrier Reef.
format Article
id doaj-art-49192aeea3b44d74ae1a83f1d5ca0bb3
institution DOAJ
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-49192aeea3b44d74ae1a83f1d5ca0bb32025-08-20T03:13:26ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01207e030261610.1371/journal.pone.0302616Optimising crown-of-thorns starfish control effort on the Great Barrier Reef.Kanupriya AgarwalMichael BodeKate J HelmstedtOutbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci (COTS), a disruptive coral-eating predator, are responsible for almost half of total coral cover loss on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. As the pressures of climate change continue to intensify the frequency and severity of disturbance events such as cyclones and coral bleaching, efficiently managing COTS outbreaks is essential for reef protection. We aim to understand how the spatial distribution and intensity of crown-of-thorns starfish control - specifically manual culling of COTS by human divers - can impact coral cover on the GBR. We construct a metapopulation model based on a predator-prey model with larval dispersal and removal of crown-of-thorns starfish to simulate and compare spatial control strategies. When outbreaks begin on reefs between Cairns and Cooktown, we found the best strategy is to target those reefs at the source of the COTS outbreak. Increasing the spatial spread of control results in a larger spatial area protected across the GBR, but a lower total coral cover on the GBR. Our findings suggest that carefully targeting future control by considering larval connectivity patterns and spatial control strategies could lead to more efficient crown-of-thorns management. With the increasing pressures of climate change, any efficiency gains in reef management will prove beneficial for the Great Barrier Reef.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302616
spellingShingle Kanupriya Agarwal
Michael Bode
Kate J Helmstedt
Optimising crown-of-thorns starfish control effort on the Great Barrier Reef.
PLoS ONE
title Optimising crown-of-thorns starfish control effort on the Great Barrier Reef.
title_full Optimising crown-of-thorns starfish control effort on the Great Barrier Reef.
title_fullStr Optimising crown-of-thorns starfish control effort on the Great Barrier Reef.
title_full_unstemmed Optimising crown-of-thorns starfish control effort on the Great Barrier Reef.
title_short Optimising crown-of-thorns starfish control effort on the Great Barrier Reef.
title_sort optimising crown of thorns starfish control effort on the great barrier reef
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302616
work_keys_str_mv AT kanupriyaagarwal optimisingcrownofthornsstarfishcontroleffortonthegreatbarrierreef
AT michaelbode optimisingcrownofthornsstarfishcontroleffortonthegreatbarrierreef
AT katejhelmstedt optimisingcrownofthornsstarfishcontroleffortonthegreatbarrierreef