A Rapid General Synthesis and the Spectroscopic Data of 2,2′-Bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene, (<i>bpdbf</i>), 1,1′,2,2′-Tetrakis-(di-isopropylphosphino) Ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>) and Related Ligands: Taking <i>dppf</i> into the Future
In this paper, the clean high yielding, synthesis, and structure of the tetraphosphine ligand, 1,1′,2,2′-tetrakis-(di-isopropyl-phosphino)ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>), is described. In addition, improved synthesis methods for 1,1′,2,2′-tetrakis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene, (<i>tppf<...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Peter N. Horton Simon J. Coles William Clegg Ross W. Harrington Ian R. Butler |
| author_facet | Peter N. Horton Simon J. Coles William Clegg Ross W. Harrington Ian R. Butler |
| author_sort | Peter N. Horton |
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| description | In this paper, the clean high yielding, synthesis, and structure of the tetraphosphine ligand, 1,1′,2,2′-tetrakis-(di-isopropyl-phosphino)ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>), is described. In addition, improved synthesis methods for 1,1′,2,2′-tetrakis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene, (<i>tppf</i>), and 2,2′-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene are also reported, and the synthetic method is generalised to include the synthesis of 3,3′-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′,2,2′-tetrabromoferrocene. The related ligands 2,2′-bis-(iso-propylphosphino)-1,1′-bis-diphenylphosphinoferrocene (<i>diprdppf</i>) and 2,2′-bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-dibromoferrocene have also been prepared and characterised. The crystal structure of the square planar bimetallic nickel (II) dichloride of <i>tdipf</i> is also described, together with a brief NMR study investigating the synthesis of this and related metal complexes. The crystal structures of the palladium and platinum dichloride complexes of 2,2′-bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene, <i>bpdbf</i>, are also discussed in the context of comparison with previously known crystal structures in the same general family. A general discussion on the synthetic methodology is given, along with indications for future research that other researchers might explore. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-48c6c41ccf7d47acac59decade0791de2025-01-24T13:35:28ZengMDPI AGInorganics2304-67402025-01-011311010.3390/inorganics13010010A Rapid General Synthesis and the Spectroscopic Data of 2,2′-Bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene, (<i>bpdbf</i>), 1,1′,2,2′-Tetrakis-(di-isopropylphosphino) Ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>) and Related Ligands: Taking <i>dppf</i> into the FuturePeter N. Horton0Simon J. Coles1William Clegg2Ross W. Harrington3Ian R. Butler4Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKDepartment of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKChemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKChemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKSchool of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2DG, Gwynedd, UKIn this paper, the clean high yielding, synthesis, and structure of the tetraphosphine ligand, 1,1′,2,2′-tetrakis-(di-isopropyl-phosphino)ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>), is described. In addition, improved synthesis methods for 1,1′,2,2′-tetrakis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene, (<i>tppf</i>), and 2,2′-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene are also reported, and the synthetic method is generalised to include the synthesis of 3,3′-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′,2,2′-tetrabromoferrocene. The related ligands 2,2′-bis-(iso-propylphosphino)-1,1′-bis-diphenylphosphinoferrocene (<i>diprdppf</i>) and 2,2′-bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-dibromoferrocene have also been prepared and characterised. The crystal structure of the square planar bimetallic nickel (II) dichloride of <i>tdipf</i> is also described, together with a brief NMR study investigating the synthesis of this and related metal complexes. The crystal structures of the palladium and platinum dichloride complexes of 2,2′-bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene, <i>bpdbf</i>, are also discussed in the context of comparison with previously known crystal structures in the same general family. A general discussion on the synthetic methodology is given, along with indications for future research that other researchers might explore.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/13/1/10phosphineligandcomplexferrocenenickelpalladium |
| spellingShingle | Peter N. Horton Simon J. Coles William Clegg Ross W. Harrington Ian R. Butler A Rapid General Synthesis and the Spectroscopic Data of 2,2′-Bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene, (<i>bpdbf</i>), 1,1′,2,2′-Tetrakis-(di-isopropylphosphino) Ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>) and Related Ligands: Taking <i>dppf</i> into the Future Inorganics phosphine ligand complex ferrocene nickel palladium |
| title | A Rapid General Synthesis and the Spectroscopic Data of 2,2′-Bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene, (<i>bpdbf</i>), 1,1′,2,2′-Tetrakis-(di-isopropylphosphino) Ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>) and Related Ligands: Taking <i>dppf</i> into the Future |
| title_full | A Rapid General Synthesis and the Spectroscopic Data of 2,2′-Bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene, (<i>bpdbf</i>), 1,1′,2,2′-Tetrakis-(di-isopropylphosphino) Ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>) and Related Ligands: Taking <i>dppf</i> into the Future |
| title_fullStr | A Rapid General Synthesis and the Spectroscopic Data of 2,2′-Bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene, (<i>bpdbf</i>), 1,1′,2,2′-Tetrakis-(di-isopropylphosphino) Ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>) and Related Ligands: Taking <i>dppf</i> into the Future |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Rapid General Synthesis and the Spectroscopic Data of 2,2′-Bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene, (<i>bpdbf</i>), 1,1′,2,2′-Tetrakis-(di-isopropylphosphino) Ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>) and Related Ligands: Taking <i>dppf</i> into the Future |
| title_short | A Rapid General Synthesis and the Spectroscopic Data of 2,2′-Bis-(di-isopropylphosphino)-1,1′-dibromoferrocene, (<i>bpdbf</i>), 1,1′,2,2′-Tetrakis-(di-isopropylphosphino) Ferrocene, (<i>tdipf</i>) and Related Ligands: Taking <i>dppf</i> into the Future |
| title_sort | rapid general synthesis and the spectroscopic data of 2 2 bis di isopropylphosphino 1 1 dibromoferrocene i bpdbf i 1 1 2 2 tetrakis di isopropylphosphino ferrocene i tdipf i and related ligands taking i dppf i into the future |
| topic | phosphine ligand complex ferrocene nickel palladium |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/13/1/10 |
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