Advancing musculoskeletal shoulder modeling: reflecting glenohumeral translation with bony, ligamentous, and muscular stability constraints

IntroductionGlenohumeral (GH) stability is a delicate interplay between bony congruence, muscle contraction, and ligamentous or capsular stability that can be disrupted by pathologies such as rotator cuff (RC) tears. We aimed to develop an advanced musculoskeletal shoulder model that incorporates su...

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Main Authors: Johanna Menze, Eleonora Croci, Michael Skipper Andersen, Hanspeter Hess, Morten Enemark Lund, Enrico De Pieri, Matthias A. Zumstein, Stephen J. Ferguson, Andreas Marc Müller, Annegret Mündermann, Kate Gerber
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Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1441530/full
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author Johanna Menze
Johanna Menze
Eleonora Croci
Eleonora Croci
Michael Skipper Andersen
Hanspeter Hess
Hanspeter Hess
Morten Enemark Lund
Enrico De Pieri
Enrico De Pieri
Matthias A. Zumstein
Stephen J. Ferguson
Andreas Marc Müller
Annegret Mündermann
Annegret Mündermann
Annegret Mündermann
Kate Gerber
Kate Gerber
author_facet Johanna Menze
Johanna Menze
Eleonora Croci
Eleonora Croci
Michael Skipper Andersen
Hanspeter Hess
Hanspeter Hess
Morten Enemark Lund
Enrico De Pieri
Enrico De Pieri
Matthias A. Zumstein
Stephen J. Ferguson
Andreas Marc Müller
Annegret Mündermann
Annegret Mündermann
Annegret Mündermann
Kate Gerber
Kate Gerber
author_sort Johanna Menze
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionGlenohumeral (GH) stability is a delicate interplay between bony congruence, muscle contraction, and ligamentous or capsular stability that can be disrupted by pathologies such as rotator cuff (RC) tears. We aimed to develop an advanced musculoskeletal shoulder model that incorporates subject-specific GH joint contact, active and passive muscle stability, and mechanical properties of ligaments to calculate GH translation using force-dependent kinematics (FDK). We hypothesized that inferior-superior GH translation computed using this model are consistent with in vivo GH translation measured by dynamic uniplanar fluoroscopy in healthy shoulders and in shoulders with partial or full RC tears, and that muscle and joint forces computed using the FDK shoulder model are higher than those of the default shoulder model.MethodsThe AnyBody ShoulderArm model was extended to compute GH translation using FDK, considering joint constraints due to bone congruence and to labrum, ligament and muscle stabilization. The inferior-superior GH translations computed using the FDK model were compared with the translations measured using dynamic uniplanar fluoroscopy in healthy shoulders and shoulders with partial and full RC tears during 0°–30° abduction-adduction cycles with 0–3 kg of handheld weight.ResultsThe FDK model simulations revealed a decrease in median inferior-superior translations, from 2.8 to 1.8 mm with increasing handheld weight (0–3 kg) which was higher than those observed in fluoroscopic imaging (1.4 mm and 1.1 mm at 0 and 2 kg handheld weight). FDK model simulations in abduction with no additional handheld weight revealed greater variations in glenohumeral translations in shoulders with full RC tear. Compressive joint forces and muscle forces were higher in the FDK model than in the default shoulder model, particularly in the infraspinatus in the healthy model and in the deltoid in the full RC tear model.DiscussionDistinct differences in muscle and joint forces between the FDK and the default shoulder models confirm that unconstrained translational degrees of freedom of the GH joint are important to advance knowledge of the biomechanical principles of the shoulder. Computed inferior-superior GH translations were greater than in vivo measured GH translations, suggesting that joint stability, particularly through muscle recruitment, could be underestimated.
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spelling doaj-art-48c0cbcb5f8b46b4a58a474edbe77db62025-08-20T02:49:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852025-03-011310.3389/fbioe.2025.14415301441530Advancing musculoskeletal shoulder modeling: reflecting glenohumeral translation with bony, ligamentous, and muscular stability constraintsJohanna Menze0Johanna Menze1Eleonora Croci2Eleonora Croci3Michael Skipper Andersen4Hanspeter Hess5Hanspeter Hess6Morten Enemark Lund7Enrico De Pieri8Enrico De Pieri9Matthias A. Zumstein10Stephen J. Ferguson11Andreas Marc Müller12Annegret Mündermann13Annegret Mündermann14Annegret Mündermann15Kate Gerber16Kate Gerber17School of Biomedical and Precision Engineering, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandInstitute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zürich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandDepartment of Materials and Production, Center for Mathematical Modeling of Knee Osteoarthritis, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DenmarkSchool of Biomedical and Precision Engineering, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandAnyBody Technology A/S, Aalborg, DenmarkInstitute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zürich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandShoulder, Elbow and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Orthopaedics Sonnenhof, Bern, SwitzerlandInstitute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zürich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandDepartment of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandSchool of Biomedical and Precision Engineering, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandIntroductionGlenohumeral (GH) stability is a delicate interplay between bony congruence, muscle contraction, and ligamentous or capsular stability that can be disrupted by pathologies such as rotator cuff (RC) tears. We aimed to develop an advanced musculoskeletal shoulder model that incorporates subject-specific GH joint contact, active and passive muscle stability, and mechanical properties of ligaments to calculate GH translation using force-dependent kinematics (FDK). We hypothesized that inferior-superior GH translation computed using this model are consistent with in vivo GH translation measured by dynamic uniplanar fluoroscopy in healthy shoulders and in shoulders with partial or full RC tears, and that muscle and joint forces computed using the FDK shoulder model are higher than those of the default shoulder model.MethodsThe AnyBody ShoulderArm model was extended to compute GH translation using FDK, considering joint constraints due to bone congruence and to labrum, ligament and muscle stabilization. The inferior-superior GH translations computed using the FDK model were compared with the translations measured using dynamic uniplanar fluoroscopy in healthy shoulders and shoulders with partial and full RC tears during 0°–30° abduction-adduction cycles with 0–3 kg of handheld weight.ResultsThe FDK model simulations revealed a decrease in median inferior-superior translations, from 2.8 to 1.8 mm with increasing handheld weight (0–3 kg) which was higher than those observed in fluoroscopic imaging (1.4 mm and 1.1 mm at 0 and 2 kg handheld weight). FDK model simulations in abduction with no additional handheld weight revealed greater variations in glenohumeral translations in shoulders with full RC tear. Compressive joint forces and muscle forces were higher in the FDK model than in the default shoulder model, particularly in the infraspinatus in the healthy model and in the deltoid in the full RC tear model.DiscussionDistinct differences in muscle and joint forces between the FDK and the default shoulder models confirm that unconstrained translational degrees of freedom of the GH joint are important to advance knowledge of the biomechanical principles of the shoulder. Computed inferior-superior GH translations were greater than in vivo measured GH translations, suggesting that joint stability, particularly through muscle recruitment, could be underestimated.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1441530/fullshoulder biomechanicsglenohumeral translationsrotator cuff tearmusculoskeletal modellingforce dependent kinematicsligament modelling
spellingShingle Johanna Menze
Johanna Menze
Eleonora Croci
Eleonora Croci
Michael Skipper Andersen
Hanspeter Hess
Hanspeter Hess
Morten Enemark Lund
Enrico De Pieri
Enrico De Pieri
Matthias A. Zumstein
Stephen J. Ferguson
Andreas Marc Müller
Annegret Mündermann
Annegret Mündermann
Annegret Mündermann
Kate Gerber
Kate Gerber
Advancing musculoskeletal shoulder modeling: reflecting glenohumeral translation with bony, ligamentous, and muscular stability constraints
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
shoulder biomechanics
glenohumeral translations
rotator cuff tear
musculoskeletal modelling
force dependent kinematics
ligament modelling
title Advancing musculoskeletal shoulder modeling: reflecting glenohumeral translation with bony, ligamentous, and muscular stability constraints
title_full Advancing musculoskeletal shoulder modeling: reflecting glenohumeral translation with bony, ligamentous, and muscular stability constraints
title_fullStr Advancing musculoskeletal shoulder modeling: reflecting glenohumeral translation with bony, ligamentous, and muscular stability constraints
title_full_unstemmed Advancing musculoskeletal shoulder modeling: reflecting glenohumeral translation with bony, ligamentous, and muscular stability constraints
title_short Advancing musculoskeletal shoulder modeling: reflecting glenohumeral translation with bony, ligamentous, and muscular stability constraints
title_sort advancing musculoskeletal shoulder modeling reflecting glenohumeral translation with bony ligamentous and muscular stability constraints
topic shoulder biomechanics
glenohumeral translations
rotator cuff tear
musculoskeletal modelling
force dependent kinematics
ligament modelling
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1441530/full
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