Stem cell derived exosome trilogy: an epic comparison of human MSCs, ESCs and iPSCs

Abstract Exosomes, containing molecular constituents of their cell of origin, including proteins and nucleic acids, were first discovered in immature red blood cells in 1983. Excellent intercell communication can be achieved by shuttling these various molecules between cells. Stem cell-derived exoso...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Siti Zawiah Abdul Malik, Yugashini Muhilan, Fazlina Nordin, Min Hwei Ng, Jia Xian Law, Siti A. M. Imran, Izyan Mohd Idris, Gee Jun Tye
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-06-01
Series:Stem Cell Research & Therapy
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04440-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849472818708742144
author Siti Zawiah Abdul Malik
Yugashini Muhilan
Fazlina Nordin
Min Hwei Ng
Jia Xian Law
Siti A. M. Imran
Izyan Mohd Idris
Gee Jun Tye
author_facet Siti Zawiah Abdul Malik
Yugashini Muhilan
Fazlina Nordin
Min Hwei Ng
Jia Xian Law
Siti A. M. Imran
Izyan Mohd Idris
Gee Jun Tye
author_sort Siti Zawiah Abdul Malik
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Exosomes, containing molecular constituents of their cell of origin, including proteins and nucleic acids, were first discovered in immature red blood cells in 1983. Excellent intercell communication can be achieved by shuttling these various molecules between cells. Stem cell-derived exosomes (SC-Exos) contain paracrine-soluble factors that play important roles in tissue development, homeostasis, and regeneration. This paracrine activity of SC-Exos has been found to be a predominant mechanism by which stem cell-based therapies mediate their effects on degenerative, autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases. Compared to other types of stem cells, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are the most popular because of their efficient immunomodulatory effects. The advantages and disadvantages of using exosomes isolated from the stem cell trio for therapeutic applications are further discussed in this review.
format Article
id doaj-art-48bc6ed2038348b088dc4cae48b153ef
institution Kabale University
issn 1757-6512
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Stem Cell Research & Therapy
spelling doaj-art-48bc6ed2038348b088dc4cae48b153ef2025-08-20T03:24:25ZengBMCStem Cell Research & Therapy1757-65122025-06-0116111410.1186/s13287-025-04440-0Stem cell derived exosome trilogy: an epic comparison of human MSCs, ESCs and iPSCsSiti Zawiah Abdul Malik0Yugashini Muhilan1Fazlina Nordin2Min Hwei Ng3Jia Xian Law4Siti A. M. Imran5Izyan Mohd Idris6Gee Jun Tye7Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaMing Medical Sdn. Bhd., Dana 1 Commercial CentreInstitute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of Health MalaysiaMalaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Halaman Bukit GambirAbstract Exosomes, containing molecular constituents of their cell of origin, including proteins and nucleic acids, were first discovered in immature red blood cells in 1983. Excellent intercell communication can be achieved by shuttling these various molecules between cells. Stem cell-derived exosomes (SC-Exos) contain paracrine-soluble factors that play important roles in tissue development, homeostasis, and regeneration. This paracrine activity of SC-Exos has been found to be a predominant mechanism by which stem cell-based therapies mediate their effects on degenerative, autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases. Compared to other types of stem cells, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are the most popular because of their efficient immunomodulatory effects. The advantages and disadvantages of using exosomes isolated from the stem cell trio for therapeutic applications are further discussed in this review.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04440-0ExosomesStem cellsSC-ExoshMSCshESCsHiPSCs
spellingShingle Siti Zawiah Abdul Malik
Yugashini Muhilan
Fazlina Nordin
Min Hwei Ng
Jia Xian Law
Siti A. M. Imran
Izyan Mohd Idris
Gee Jun Tye
Stem cell derived exosome trilogy: an epic comparison of human MSCs, ESCs and iPSCs
Stem Cell Research & Therapy
Exosomes
Stem cells
SC-Exos
hMSCs
hESCs
HiPSCs
title Stem cell derived exosome trilogy: an epic comparison of human MSCs, ESCs and iPSCs
title_full Stem cell derived exosome trilogy: an epic comparison of human MSCs, ESCs and iPSCs
title_fullStr Stem cell derived exosome trilogy: an epic comparison of human MSCs, ESCs and iPSCs
title_full_unstemmed Stem cell derived exosome trilogy: an epic comparison of human MSCs, ESCs and iPSCs
title_short Stem cell derived exosome trilogy: an epic comparison of human MSCs, ESCs and iPSCs
title_sort stem cell derived exosome trilogy an epic comparison of human mscs escs and ipscs
topic Exosomes
Stem cells
SC-Exos
hMSCs
hESCs
HiPSCs
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04440-0
work_keys_str_mv AT sitizawiahabdulmalik stemcellderivedexosometrilogyanepiccomparisonofhumanmscsescsandipscs
AT yugashinimuhilan stemcellderivedexosometrilogyanepiccomparisonofhumanmscsescsandipscs
AT fazlinanordin stemcellderivedexosometrilogyanepiccomparisonofhumanmscsescsandipscs
AT minhweing stemcellderivedexosometrilogyanepiccomparisonofhumanmscsescsandipscs
AT jiaxianlaw stemcellderivedexosometrilogyanepiccomparisonofhumanmscsescsandipscs
AT sitiamimran stemcellderivedexosometrilogyanepiccomparisonofhumanmscsescsandipscs
AT izyanmohdidris stemcellderivedexosometrilogyanepiccomparisonofhumanmscsescsandipscs
AT geejuntye stemcellderivedexosometrilogyanepiccomparisonofhumanmscsescsandipscs