Generalized Ketogenic Diet Induced Liver Impairment and Reduced Probiotics Abundance of Gut Microbiota in Rat
The ketogenic diet is becoming an assisted treatment to control weight, obesity, and even type 2 diabetes. However, there has been no scientific proof supporting that the ketogenic diet is absolutely safe and sustainable. In this study, Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were fed different ratios of fat to ca...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Ge Song Dan Song Yongwei Wang Li Wang Weiwei Wang |
| author_facet | Ge Song Dan Song Yongwei Wang Li Wang Weiwei Wang |
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| description | The ketogenic diet is becoming an assisted treatment to control weight, obesity, and even type 2 diabetes. However, there has been no scientific proof supporting that the ketogenic diet is absolutely safe and sustainable. In this study, Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were fed different ratios of fat to carbohydrates under the same apparent metabolizable energy level to evaluate the effects of a ketogenic diet on healthy subjects. The results showed that the ketogenic diet could relatively sustain body weight and enhance the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP), leading to more moderate lipoidosis and milder local non-specific inflammation in the liver compared with the high-carbohydrate diet. In addition, the abundance of probiotic strains such as <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Lactococcus</i>, and <i>Faecalitalea</i> were reduced with the ketogenic diet in rats, while an abundance of pathogenic strains such as <i>Anaerotruncus</i>, <i>Enterococcus</i>, <i>Rothia</i>, and <i>Enterorhabdus</i> were increased with both the ketogenic diet and the high-carbohydrate diet. This study suggests that the ketogenic diet can lead to impairments of liver function and changed composition of the gut microbiota in rats, which to some extent indicates the danger of consuming a generalized ketogenic diet. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-489d1d12d6c948809f790e4933edb1e72024-11-26T17:52:23ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372024-11-01131189910.3390/biology13110899Generalized Ketogenic Diet Induced Liver Impairment and Reduced Probiotics Abundance of Gut Microbiota in RatGe Song0Dan Song1Yongwei Wang2Li Wang3Weiwei Wang4Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Biotechnology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grain and Oil Biotechnology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grain and Oil Biotechnology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grain and Oil Biotechnology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grain and Oil Biotechnology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, ChinaThe ketogenic diet is becoming an assisted treatment to control weight, obesity, and even type 2 diabetes. However, there has been no scientific proof supporting that the ketogenic diet is absolutely safe and sustainable. In this study, Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were fed different ratios of fat to carbohydrates under the same apparent metabolizable energy level to evaluate the effects of a ketogenic diet on healthy subjects. The results showed that the ketogenic diet could relatively sustain body weight and enhance the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP), leading to more moderate lipoidosis and milder local non-specific inflammation in the liver compared with the high-carbohydrate diet. In addition, the abundance of probiotic strains such as <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Lactococcus</i>, and <i>Faecalitalea</i> were reduced with the ketogenic diet in rats, while an abundance of pathogenic strains such as <i>Anaerotruncus</i>, <i>Enterococcus</i>, <i>Rothia</i>, and <i>Enterorhabdus</i> were increased with both the ketogenic diet and the high-carbohydrate diet. This study suggests that the ketogenic diet can lead to impairments of liver function and changed composition of the gut microbiota in rats, which to some extent indicates the danger of consuming a generalized ketogenic diet.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/11/899generalized ketogenic dietlipoidosisgut microbiotaapparent metabolizable energy |
| spellingShingle | Ge Song Dan Song Yongwei Wang Li Wang Weiwei Wang Generalized Ketogenic Diet Induced Liver Impairment and Reduced Probiotics Abundance of Gut Microbiota in Rat Biology generalized ketogenic diet lipoidosis gut microbiota apparent metabolizable energy |
| title | Generalized Ketogenic Diet Induced Liver Impairment and Reduced Probiotics Abundance of Gut Microbiota in Rat |
| title_full | Generalized Ketogenic Diet Induced Liver Impairment and Reduced Probiotics Abundance of Gut Microbiota in Rat |
| title_fullStr | Generalized Ketogenic Diet Induced Liver Impairment and Reduced Probiotics Abundance of Gut Microbiota in Rat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Generalized Ketogenic Diet Induced Liver Impairment and Reduced Probiotics Abundance of Gut Microbiota in Rat |
| title_short | Generalized Ketogenic Diet Induced Liver Impairment and Reduced Probiotics Abundance of Gut Microbiota in Rat |
| title_sort | generalized ketogenic diet induced liver impairment and reduced probiotics abundance of gut microbiota in rat |
| topic | generalized ketogenic diet lipoidosis gut microbiota apparent metabolizable energy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/11/899 |
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