Bioremediation of Restaurant Wastewater using Immobilized Green Microalgae, (Botryococcus Sp.) on Sequence Batch Reactor Storage Design
Wastewater is produced by natural biological processes and a variety of human activities. It is unfit to use directly as the wastewater contains variety of chemicals, contaminants, and pollutants. Wastewater is categorized into two groups of sources which are greywater and blackwater as they differ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Polish Academy of Sciences
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Archives of Metallurgy and Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.pan.pl/Content/134523/AMM-2025-1-45-Apandi.pdf |
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| author | Y. Apparao N.M. Apandi N.M. Sunar S.N.H. Ariffin R. Nagarajah R. Afifee S. Moganathan P. Pietrusiewicz |
| author_facet | Y. Apparao N.M. Apandi N.M. Sunar S.N.H. Ariffin R. Nagarajah R. Afifee S. Moganathan P. Pietrusiewicz |
| author_sort | Y. Apparao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wastewater is produced by natural biological processes and a variety of human activities. It is unfit to use directly as the wastewater contains variety of chemicals, contaminants, and pollutants. Wastewater is categorized into two groups of sources which are greywater and blackwater as they differ in contamination levels. Greywater are from showers, baths, whirlpool tubs, washing machines, dishwashers and sinks except for the kitchen sink while the sources of black water are from toilets and kitchen sinks. This study aims to design a Sequence Batch Reactor (SBR) equipped with microalgae microbeads (Botryococcus sp.), to examine the applicability of SBR technology in greywater treatment specifically evaluating the efficiency of SBR performance and to measure the efficiency in removing pollutant greywater of microalgae beads. This was done with the application of SBR to ensure the greywater are properly treated before being discharged. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-48841916d7414860a217ea72c3ac7a7a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2300-1909 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Polish Academy of Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Metallurgy and Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-48841916d7414860a217ea72c3ac7a7a2025-08-20T02:51:00ZengPolish Academy of SciencesArchives of Metallurgy and Materials2300-19092025-03-01vol. 70No 1https://doi.org/10.24425/amm.2025.152557Bioremediation of Restaurant Wastewater using Immobilized Green Microalgae, (Botryococcus Sp.) on Sequence Batch Reactor Storage DesignY. Apparao0N.M. Apandi1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7055-7985N.M. Sunar2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-674XS.N.H. Ariffin3R. Nagarajah4R. Afifee5S. Moganathan6P. Pietrusiewicz7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8336-5213Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Muar, Johor, MalaysiaUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Muar, Johor, MalaysiaUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn Malays ia, Research Centre for Soft Soil (RECESS), Institute of Integrated Engineering, Parit Raja, 86400 Batu Paha t, Johor, MalaysiaUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn Malays ia, Research Centre for Soft Soil (RECESS), Institute of Integrated Engineering, Parit Raja, 86400 Batu Paha t, Johor, MalaysiaUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Muar, Johor, MalaysiaUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Muar, Johor, MalaysiaUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Muar, Johor, MalaysiaCzestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, 19 Armii Krajowej S tr., 42-200 Częstochowa, PolandWastewater is produced by natural biological processes and a variety of human activities. It is unfit to use directly as the wastewater contains variety of chemicals, contaminants, and pollutants. Wastewater is categorized into two groups of sources which are greywater and blackwater as they differ in contamination levels. Greywater are from showers, baths, whirlpool tubs, washing machines, dishwashers and sinks except for the kitchen sink while the sources of black water are from toilets and kitchen sinks. This study aims to design a Sequence Batch Reactor (SBR) equipped with microalgae microbeads (Botryococcus sp.), to examine the applicability of SBR technology in greywater treatment specifically evaluating the efficiency of SBR performance and to measure the efficiency in removing pollutant greywater of microalgae beads. This was done with the application of SBR to ensure the greywater are properly treated before being discharged.https://journals.pan.pl/Content/134523/AMM-2025-1-45-Apandi.pdfwastewatermicroalgaebotryococcus sp.bioremediation |
| spellingShingle | Y. Apparao N.M. Apandi N.M. Sunar S.N.H. Ariffin R. Nagarajah R. Afifee S. Moganathan P. Pietrusiewicz Bioremediation of Restaurant Wastewater using Immobilized Green Microalgae, (Botryococcus Sp.) on Sequence Batch Reactor Storage Design Archives of Metallurgy and Materials wastewater microalgae botryococcus sp. bioremediation |
| title | Bioremediation of Restaurant Wastewater using Immobilized Green Microalgae, (Botryococcus Sp.) on Sequence Batch Reactor Storage Design |
| title_full | Bioremediation of Restaurant Wastewater using Immobilized Green Microalgae, (Botryococcus Sp.) on Sequence Batch Reactor Storage Design |
| title_fullStr | Bioremediation of Restaurant Wastewater using Immobilized Green Microalgae, (Botryococcus Sp.) on Sequence Batch Reactor Storage Design |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioremediation of Restaurant Wastewater using Immobilized Green Microalgae, (Botryococcus Sp.) on Sequence Batch Reactor Storage Design |
| title_short | Bioremediation of Restaurant Wastewater using Immobilized Green Microalgae, (Botryococcus Sp.) on Sequence Batch Reactor Storage Design |
| title_sort | bioremediation of restaurant wastewater using immobilized green microalgae botryococcus sp on sequence batch reactor storage design |
| topic | wastewater microalgae botryococcus sp. bioremediation |
| url | https://journals.pan.pl/Content/134523/AMM-2025-1-45-Apandi.pdf |
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