Synoptic-Scale Precursors to Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification in the Atlantic Basin

Forecasting rapid intensification (hereafter referred to as RI) of tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Basin is still a challenge due to a limited understanding of the meteorological processes that are necessary for predicting RI. To address this challenge, this study considered large-scale processes...

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Main Authors: Alexandria Grimes, Andrew E. Mercer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2015-01-01
Series:Advances in Meteorology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/814043
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author Alexandria Grimes
Andrew E. Mercer
author_facet Alexandria Grimes
Andrew E. Mercer
author_sort Alexandria Grimes
collection DOAJ
description Forecasting rapid intensification (hereafter referred to as RI) of tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Basin is still a challenge due to a limited understanding of the meteorological processes that are necessary for predicting RI. To address this challenge, this study considered large-scale processes as RI indicators within tropical cyclone environments. The large-scale processes were identified by formulating composite map types of RI and non-RI storms using NASA MERRA data from 1979 to 2009. The composite fields were formulated by a blended RPCA and cluster analysis approach, yielding multiple map types of RI’s and non-RI’s. Additionally, statistical differences in the large-scale processes were identified by formulating permutation tests, based on the composite output, revealing variables that were statistically significantly distinct between RI and non-RI storms. These variables were used as input in two prediction schemes: logistic regression and support vector machine classification. Ultimately, the approach identified midlevel vorticity, pressure vertical velocity, 200–850 hPa vertical shear, low-level potential temperature, and specific humidity as the most significant in diagnosing RI, yielding modest skill in identifying RI storms.
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spelling doaj-art-485fa7841d9342d9a3a4cd54e3d4cad22025-08-20T02:38:02ZengWileyAdvances in Meteorology1687-93091687-93172015-01-01201510.1155/2015/814043814043Synoptic-Scale Precursors to Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification in the Atlantic BasinAlexandria Grimes0Andrew E. Mercer1Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-5448, USAMississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-5448, USAForecasting rapid intensification (hereafter referred to as RI) of tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Basin is still a challenge due to a limited understanding of the meteorological processes that are necessary for predicting RI. To address this challenge, this study considered large-scale processes as RI indicators within tropical cyclone environments. The large-scale processes were identified by formulating composite map types of RI and non-RI storms using NASA MERRA data from 1979 to 2009. The composite fields were formulated by a blended RPCA and cluster analysis approach, yielding multiple map types of RI’s and non-RI’s. Additionally, statistical differences in the large-scale processes were identified by formulating permutation tests, based on the composite output, revealing variables that were statistically significantly distinct between RI and non-RI storms. These variables were used as input in two prediction schemes: logistic regression and support vector machine classification. Ultimately, the approach identified midlevel vorticity, pressure vertical velocity, 200–850 hPa vertical shear, low-level potential temperature, and specific humidity as the most significant in diagnosing RI, yielding modest skill in identifying RI storms.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/814043
spellingShingle Alexandria Grimes
Andrew E. Mercer
Synoptic-Scale Precursors to Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification in the Atlantic Basin
Advances in Meteorology
title Synoptic-Scale Precursors to Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification in the Atlantic Basin
title_full Synoptic-Scale Precursors to Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification in the Atlantic Basin
title_fullStr Synoptic-Scale Precursors to Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification in the Atlantic Basin
title_full_unstemmed Synoptic-Scale Precursors to Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification in the Atlantic Basin
title_short Synoptic-Scale Precursors to Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification in the Atlantic Basin
title_sort synoptic scale precursors to tropical cyclone rapid intensification in the atlantic basin
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/814043
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