Externally bonded and anchored engineered cementitious composite and glass fiber mesh strips for enhancing defected RC beams in shear

In light of the growing concerns over insufficient reinforcing details in reinforced concrete (RC) members, new innovative and effective strengthening techniques are essentially needed. Developing the behavior of RC beams using composite materials has gained potential in recent years according to th...

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Main Authors: Galal Elsamak, Ayah A. Alkhawaldeh, Moataz Badawi, Emad Alshammari, Taher A. Tawfik, Mohamed Ghalla
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-07-01
Series:Case Studies in Construction Materials
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509525001834
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author Galal Elsamak
Ayah A. Alkhawaldeh
Moataz Badawi
Emad Alshammari
Taher A. Tawfik
Mohamed Ghalla
author_facet Galal Elsamak
Ayah A. Alkhawaldeh
Moataz Badawi
Emad Alshammari
Taher A. Tawfik
Mohamed Ghalla
author_sort Galal Elsamak
collection DOAJ
description In light of the growing concerns over insufficient reinforcing details in reinforced concrete (RC) members, new innovative and effective strengthening techniques are essentially needed. Developing the behavior of RC beams using composite materials has gained potential in recent years according to their superior mechanical properties. This study introduces and evaluates a novel technique for strengthening shear-deficient RC beams using a combination of engineered cementitious composite (ECC) and glass fiber textile mesh (GFTM). The research focuses on experimentally and numerically assessing the effectiveness of externally bonding GFTM-ECC strips to the beam’s surfaces. The proposed method explores the influence of key design parameters, including the orientation angles of the strips (30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°), varying strip widths (60-, 75-, and 100-mm), and the presence of anchoring systems during installation. Finally, a parametric study covering the effect of varying reinforcement ratios of glass fiber mesh in strengthening the entire shear span was carried out. The efficiency of the strengthening methods was judged in terms of energy absorbed, elastic index, maximum deflection, ultimate load, cracking load, and failure mode. The results demonstrate that the GFTM-ECC system effectively delayed crack propagation and enhanced load-carrying capacity, achieving an increase in cracking load ranging from 27 % to 94 % relative to the unstrengthened defective beam (DB) across all investigated strengthening configurations. Moreover, the ultimate load capacity increased by up to 62 % compared to the defected beam. The failure modes shifted from sudden brittle shear failure to more ductile behavior, revealing improved energy absorption and delayed crack propagation. The use of anchors delayed the crack propagation and increased beam failure load levels. Ultimately, an analytical prediction for estimating the ultimate capacity of beams reinforced with GFTM-ECC strips was produced and was accurately verified by experimental results, provided that debonding failures are avoided.
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spelling doaj-art-4845aff7f04d4f319e13f1b9eff3b3272025-08-20T03:12:38ZengElsevierCase Studies in Construction Materials2214-50952025-07-0122e0438510.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04385Externally bonded and anchored engineered cementitious composite and glass fiber mesh strips for enhancing defected RC beams in shearGalal Elsamak0Ayah A. Alkhawaldeh1Moataz Badawi2Emad Alshammari3Taher A. Tawfik4Mohamed Ghalla5Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, EgyptCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, American University of Madaba (AUM), Madaba 11821, JordanCivil Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi ArabiaInstitute of Construction and Architecture, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravsk´a cesta 9, Bratislava SK-845 03, Slovak Republic; Department of Construction and Building Engineering, High Institute of Engineering, 6th of October, Egypt; Corresponding author at: Institute of Construction and Architecture, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravsk´a cesta 9, Bratislava SK-845 03, Slovak Republic.Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt; Corresponding author.In light of the growing concerns over insufficient reinforcing details in reinforced concrete (RC) members, new innovative and effective strengthening techniques are essentially needed. Developing the behavior of RC beams using composite materials has gained potential in recent years according to their superior mechanical properties. This study introduces and evaluates a novel technique for strengthening shear-deficient RC beams using a combination of engineered cementitious composite (ECC) and glass fiber textile mesh (GFTM). The research focuses on experimentally and numerically assessing the effectiveness of externally bonding GFTM-ECC strips to the beam’s surfaces. The proposed method explores the influence of key design parameters, including the orientation angles of the strips (30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°), varying strip widths (60-, 75-, and 100-mm), and the presence of anchoring systems during installation. Finally, a parametric study covering the effect of varying reinforcement ratios of glass fiber mesh in strengthening the entire shear span was carried out. The efficiency of the strengthening methods was judged in terms of energy absorbed, elastic index, maximum deflection, ultimate load, cracking load, and failure mode. The results demonstrate that the GFTM-ECC system effectively delayed crack propagation and enhanced load-carrying capacity, achieving an increase in cracking load ranging from 27 % to 94 % relative to the unstrengthened defective beam (DB) across all investigated strengthening configurations. Moreover, the ultimate load capacity increased by up to 62 % compared to the defected beam. The failure modes shifted from sudden brittle shear failure to more ductile behavior, revealing improved energy absorption and delayed crack propagation. The use of anchors delayed the crack propagation and increased beam failure load levels. Ultimately, an analytical prediction for estimating the ultimate capacity of beams reinforced with GFTM-ECC strips was produced and was accurately verified by experimental results, provided that debonding failures are avoided.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509525001834ECCGlass-fiberNLFEAShearStrengthening
spellingShingle Galal Elsamak
Ayah A. Alkhawaldeh
Moataz Badawi
Emad Alshammari
Taher A. Tawfik
Mohamed Ghalla
Externally bonded and anchored engineered cementitious composite and glass fiber mesh strips for enhancing defected RC beams in shear
Case Studies in Construction Materials
ECC
Glass-fiber
NLFEA
Shear
Strengthening
title Externally bonded and anchored engineered cementitious composite and glass fiber mesh strips for enhancing defected RC beams in shear
title_full Externally bonded and anchored engineered cementitious composite and glass fiber mesh strips for enhancing defected RC beams in shear
title_fullStr Externally bonded and anchored engineered cementitious composite and glass fiber mesh strips for enhancing defected RC beams in shear
title_full_unstemmed Externally bonded and anchored engineered cementitious composite and glass fiber mesh strips for enhancing defected RC beams in shear
title_short Externally bonded and anchored engineered cementitious composite and glass fiber mesh strips for enhancing defected RC beams in shear
title_sort externally bonded and anchored engineered cementitious composite and glass fiber mesh strips for enhancing defected rc beams in shear
topic ECC
Glass-fiber
NLFEA
Shear
Strengthening
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509525001834
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