Learning “How to Learn”: Super Declarative Motor Learning Is Impaired in Parkinson’s Disease
Learning new information is crucial in daily activities and occurs continuously during a subject’s lifetime. Retention of learned material is required for later recall and reuse, although learning capacity is limited and interference between consecutively learned information may occur. Learning proc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3162087 |
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| author | Lucio Marinelli Carlo Trompetto Stefania Canneva Laura Mori Flavio Nobili Francesco Fattapposta Antonio Currà Giovanni Abbruzzese Maria Felice Ghilardi |
| author_facet | Lucio Marinelli Carlo Trompetto Stefania Canneva Laura Mori Flavio Nobili Francesco Fattapposta Antonio Currà Giovanni Abbruzzese Maria Felice Ghilardi |
| author_sort | Lucio Marinelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Learning new information is crucial in daily activities and occurs continuously during a subject’s lifetime. Retention of learned material is required for later recall and reuse, although learning capacity is limited and interference between consecutively learned information may occur. Learning processes are impaired in Parkinson’s disease (PD); however, little is known about the processes related to retention and interference. The aim of this study is to investigate the retention and anterograde interference using a declarative sequence learning task in drug-naive patients in the disease’s early stages. Eleven patients with PD and eleven age-matched controls learned a visuomotor sequence, SEQ1, during Day1; the following day, retention of SEQ1 was assessed and, immediately after, a new sequence of comparable complexity, SEQ2, was learned. The comparison of the learning rates of SEQ1 on Day1 and SEQ2 on Day2 assessed the anterograde interference of SEQ1 on SEQ2. We found that SEQ1 performance improved in both patients and controls on Day2. Surprisingly, controls learned SEQ2 better than SEQ1, suggesting the absence of anterograde interference and the occurrence of learning optimization, a process that we defined as “learning how to learn.” Patients with PD lacked such improvement, suggesting defective performance optimization processes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-483bc6cb82dd4e4e8ade0cea8daad4c5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-483bc6cb82dd4e4e8ade0cea8daad4c52025-02-03T05:46:19ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432017-01-01201710.1155/2017/31620873162087Learning “How to Learn”: Super Declarative Motor Learning Is Impaired in Parkinson’s DiseaseLucio Marinelli0Carlo Trompetto1Stefania Canneva2Laura Mori3Flavio Nobili4Francesco Fattapposta5Antonio Currà6Giovanni Abbruzzese7Maria Felice Ghilardi8Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, ItalyNeurology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Neurology and Psichiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, ItalyAcademic Neurology Unit, A. Fiorini Hospital, Terracina (LT), Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, ItalyDepartment of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, USALearning new information is crucial in daily activities and occurs continuously during a subject’s lifetime. Retention of learned material is required for later recall and reuse, although learning capacity is limited and interference between consecutively learned information may occur. Learning processes are impaired in Parkinson’s disease (PD); however, little is known about the processes related to retention and interference. The aim of this study is to investigate the retention and anterograde interference using a declarative sequence learning task in drug-naive patients in the disease’s early stages. Eleven patients with PD and eleven age-matched controls learned a visuomotor sequence, SEQ1, during Day1; the following day, retention of SEQ1 was assessed and, immediately after, a new sequence of comparable complexity, SEQ2, was learned. The comparison of the learning rates of SEQ1 on Day1 and SEQ2 on Day2 assessed the anterograde interference of SEQ1 on SEQ2. We found that SEQ1 performance improved in both patients and controls on Day2. Surprisingly, controls learned SEQ2 better than SEQ1, suggesting the absence of anterograde interference and the occurrence of learning optimization, a process that we defined as “learning how to learn.” Patients with PD lacked such improvement, suggesting defective performance optimization processes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3162087 |
| spellingShingle | Lucio Marinelli Carlo Trompetto Stefania Canneva Laura Mori Flavio Nobili Francesco Fattapposta Antonio Currà Giovanni Abbruzzese Maria Felice Ghilardi Learning “How to Learn”: Super Declarative Motor Learning Is Impaired in Parkinson’s Disease Neural Plasticity |
| title | Learning “How to Learn”: Super Declarative Motor Learning Is Impaired in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_full | Learning “How to Learn”: Super Declarative Motor Learning Is Impaired in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Learning “How to Learn”: Super Declarative Motor Learning Is Impaired in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Learning “How to Learn”: Super Declarative Motor Learning Is Impaired in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_short | Learning “How to Learn”: Super Declarative Motor Learning Is Impaired in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_sort | learning how to learn super declarative motor learning is impaired in parkinson s disease |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3162087 |
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