Serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis: Insights from a case–control study in infertile patients
Abstract Purpose Endometriosis is a prevalent gynecological disorder, yet data on the role of trace metal elements in its risk remain limited. We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg) levels, and the Cu/Zn ratio with the risk of endomet...
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Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Reproductive Medicine and Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12644 |
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| author | Yanping Liu Guihong Cheng Hong Li Qingxia Meng |
| author_facet | Yanping Liu Guihong Cheng Hong Li Qingxia Meng |
| author_sort | Yanping Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Purpose Endometriosis is a prevalent gynecological disorder, yet data on the role of trace metal elements in its risk remain limited. We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg) levels, and the Cu/Zn ratio with the risk of endometriosis. Methods This study involved 568 infertile patients diagnosed with endometriosis, compared to 819 infertile patients without endometriosis (Control group). Basic characteristics, hormonal parameters, and essential trace elements of the patients were measured and analyzed. Results The findings indicated a notable decrease in serum Zn levels in the endometriosis group compared to controls, alongside a significant increase in the Cu/Zn ratio (p < 0.001). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis revealed a linear relationship between Zn levels and the Cu/Zn ratio and endometriosis risk. Moreover, Zn levels exhibited a negative correlation with endometriosis risk (p trend = 0.005), while the Cu/Zn ratio displayed a positive correlation with endometriosis risk, even after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), and baseline hormones (p trend < 0.001). Compared to the first quartile of Cu/Zn ratio after adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the second and fourth quartiles were 1.97 (1.37, 2.83) and 2.63 (1.80, 3.84), respectively. Conclusions This study provided evidence of decreased serum Zn levels and an increased Cu/Zn ratio being associated with an elevated risk of endometriosis among infertile patients. These findings offer valuable real‐world data, enriching our understanding of endometriosis. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1445-5781 1447-0578 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Reproductive Medicine and Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-4833abe367ae4cec82dae8f87aa21e622025-08-20T06:16:47ZengWileyReproductive Medicine and Biology1445-57811447-05782025-01-01241n/an/a10.1002/rmb2.12644Serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis: Insights from a case–control study in infertile patientsYanping Liu0Guihong Cheng1Hong Li2Qingxia Meng3Center of Reproduction and Genetics The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou ChinaCenter of Reproduction and Genetics The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou ChinaCenter of Reproduction and Genetics The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou ChinaCenter of Reproduction and Genetics The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou ChinaAbstract Purpose Endometriosis is a prevalent gynecological disorder, yet data on the role of trace metal elements in its risk remain limited. We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg) levels, and the Cu/Zn ratio with the risk of endometriosis. Methods This study involved 568 infertile patients diagnosed with endometriosis, compared to 819 infertile patients without endometriosis (Control group). Basic characteristics, hormonal parameters, and essential trace elements of the patients were measured and analyzed. Results The findings indicated a notable decrease in serum Zn levels in the endometriosis group compared to controls, alongside a significant increase in the Cu/Zn ratio (p < 0.001). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis revealed a linear relationship between Zn levels and the Cu/Zn ratio and endometriosis risk. Moreover, Zn levels exhibited a negative correlation with endometriosis risk (p trend = 0.005), while the Cu/Zn ratio displayed a positive correlation with endometriosis risk, even after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), and baseline hormones (p trend < 0.001). Compared to the first quartile of Cu/Zn ratio after adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the second and fourth quartiles were 1.97 (1.37, 2.83) and 2.63 (1.80, 3.84), respectively. Conclusions This study provided evidence of decreased serum Zn levels and an increased Cu/Zn ratio being associated with an elevated risk of endometriosis among infertile patients. These findings offer valuable real‐world data, enriching our understanding of endometriosis.https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12644coppercopper/zinc ratioendometriosisinfertilityzinc |
| spellingShingle | Yanping Liu Guihong Cheng Hong Li Qingxia Meng Serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis: Insights from a case–control study in infertile patients Reproductive Medicine and Biology copper copper/zinc ratio endometriosis infertility zinc |
| title | Serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis: Insights from a case–control study in infertile patients |
| title_full | Serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis: Insights from a case–control study in infertile patients |
| title_fullStr | Serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis: Insights from a case–control study in infertile patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis: Insights from a case–control study in infertile patients |
| title_short | Serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis: Insights from a case–control study in infertile patients |
| title_sort | serum copper to zinc ratio and risk of endometriosis insights from a case control study in infertile patients |
| topic | copper copper/zinc ratio endometriosis infertility zinc |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12644 |
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