Age-Related Macular Degeneration Prevalence and its Risk Factors in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and determine its risk factors in Iran. Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, with no restrictions on time or language of publication. Eleven studie...

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Main Authors: Parsa Panahi, Ali Kabir, Khalil Ghasemi Falavarjani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2024-08-01
Series:Journal of Current Ophthalmology
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/joco.joco_40_23
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author Parsa Panahi
Ali Kabir
Khalil Ghasemi Falavarjani
author_facet Parsa Panahi
Ali Kabir
Khalil Ghasemi Falavarjani
author_sort Parsa Panahi
collection DOAJ
description Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and determine its risk factors in Iran. Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, with no restrictions on time or language of publication. Eleven studies meeting the eligibility criteria were included. Six studies with a total sample size of 9930 were included in the meta-analysis to calculate the overall prevalence of AMD in Iran. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata/MP version 15.0. Risk of bias assessment was carried out based on the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results: All participants in the studies were over 40 years old. The pooled prevalence of AMD was estimated to be 9.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.3%–13.5%). After accounting for publication bias, this estimated decreased to 6.4% (95% CI: 4%–10.2%). Smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 1.781; 95% CI: 1.152–2.756), hypertension (HTN) (OR: 1.512; 95% CI: 1.119–2.044), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR: 1.545; 95% CI: 1.088–2.194), and hyperlipidemia (OR: 1.512; 95% CI: 1.055–2.165) were identified as AMD risk factors. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present review, the prevalence of AMD in the Iranian population over 40 years of age is estimated to be 6.4%, and having a history of smoking, HTN, DM, and hyperlipidemia are identified as risk factors of AMD in Iran. Further original studies are needed to draw more accurate conclusions.
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spelling doaj-art-48311f5c299c4def9d4c2bf648fc10d32025-08-20T02:09:47ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Current Ophthalmology2452-23252024-08-0135430531210.4103/joco.joco_40_23Age-Related Macular Degeneration Prevalence and its Risk Factors in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis StudyParsa PanahiAli KabirKhalil Ghasemi FalavarjaniPurpose: To estimate the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and determine its risk factors in Iran. Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, with no restrictions on time or language of publication. Eleven studies meeting the eligibility criteria were included. Six studies with a total sample size of 9930 were included in the meta-analysis to calculate the overall prevalence of AMD in Iran. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata/MP version 15.0. Risk of bias assessment was carried out based on the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results: All participants in the studies were over 40 years old. The pooled prevalence of AMD was estimated to be 9.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.3%–13.5%). After accounting for publication bias, this estimated decreased to 6.4% (95% CI: 4%–10.2%). Smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 1.781; 95% CI: 1.152–2.756), hypertension (HTN) (OR: 1.512; 95% CI: 1.119–2.044), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR: 1.545; 95% CI: 1.088–2.194), and hyperlipidemia (OR: 1.512; 95% CI: 1.055–2.165) were identified as AMD risk factors. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present review, the prevalence of AMD in the Iranian population over 40 years of age is estimated to be 6.4%, and having a history of smoking, HTN, DM, and hyperlipidemia are identified as risk factors of AMD in Iran. Further original studies are needed to draw more accurate conclusions.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/joco.joco_40_23age-related macular degenerationiranprevalencerisk factor
spellingShingle Parsa Panahi
Ali Kabir
Khalil Ghasemi Falavarjani
Age-Related Macular Degeneration Prevalence and its Risk Factors in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
Journal of Current Ophthalmology
age-related macular degeneration
iran
prevalence
risk factor
title Age-Related Macular Degeneration Prevalence and its Risk Factors in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
title_full Age-Related Macular Degeneration Prevalence and its Risk Factors in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
title_fullStr Age-Related Macular Degeneration Prevalence and its Risk Factors in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
title_full_unstemmed Age-Related Macular Degeneration Prevalence and its Risk Factors in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
title_short Age-Related Macular Degeneration Prevalence and its Risk Factors in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
title_sort age related macular degeneration prevalence and its risk factors in iran a systematic review and meta analysis study
topic age-related macular degeneration
iran
prevalence
risk factor
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/joco.joco_40_23
work_keys_str_mv AT parsapanahi agerelatedmaculardegenerationprevalenceanditsriskfactorsiniranasystematicreviewandmetaanalysisstudy
AT alikabir agerelatedmaculardegenerationprevalenceanditsriskfactorsiniranasystematicreviewandmetaanalysisstudy
AT khalilghasemifalavarjani agerelatedmaculardegenerationprevalenceanditsriskfactorsiniranasystematicreviewandmetaanalysisstudy