Influence of Surface Treatments on the Electrochemical Performance of Lab-Made 3D-Printed Electrodes
This study investigated the effect of surface treatments on the electrochemical performance of 3D-printed electrodes for versatile applications. The conductive filament was obtained from a mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) and carbon black (CB) at a 7:3 ratio (PLA/CB) dispersed in acetic acid and dic...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Analytica |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4532/6/1/9 |
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| author | Thiago Gabry Barbosa Daniela Nunes da Silva Marcella Matos Cordeiro Borges Scarlat Ohanna Dávila da Trindade Thaís Cristina de Oliveira Cândido Arnaldo César Pereira |
| author_facet | Thiago Gabry Barbosa Daniela Nunes da Silva Marcella Matos Cordeiro Borges Scarlat Ohanna Dávila da Trindade Thaís Cristina de Oliveira Cândido Arnaldo César Pereira |
| author_sort | Thiago Gabry Barbosa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the effect of surface treatments on the electrochemical performance of 3D-printed electrodes for versatile applications. The conductive filament was obtained from a mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) and carbon black (CB) at a 7:3 ratio (PLA/CB) dispersed in acetic acid and dichloroethane (3:1) medium. The treatments used were HNO<sub>3</sub>, NaOH, DMF (immersion for 30, 30, and 15 min, respectively), and electrochemical activation (amperometry 150 s, 1.8 V). In general, the treatments allow greater exposure of the conductive material and active sites present on the sensor surface. This was confirmed using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The analyses were conducted with a 0.10 M KCl solution containing the redox pair ferricyanide/ferrocyanide 5.00 mmol L<sup>−1</sup>. Based on the results obtained, the electroactive area, kinetic constant and resistance to electron transfer were determined for each treatment. The treatment in basic medium stood out as the treatment that was most appropriate for the device used in this work. The device was also tested for its potential in the analysis of acetaminophen, demonstrating satisfactory results permitting the application of 3D-S<sub>Basic</sub> in the analysis of acetaminophen. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4827444b340c49cab786c094d497f0ea |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-4532 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Analytica |
| spelling | doaj-art-4827444b340c49cab786c094d497f0ea2025-08-20T03:40:43ZengMDPI AGAnalytica2673-45322025-03-0161910.3390/analytica6010009Influence of Surface Treatments on the Electrochemical Performance of Lab-Made 3D-Printed ElectrodesThiago Gabry Barbosa0Daniela Nunes da Silva1Marcella Matos Cordeiro Borges2Scarlat Ohanna Dávila da Trindade3Thaís Cristina de Oliveira Cândido4Arnaldo César Pereira5Natural Sciences Department, Federal University of São João del Rei, 74 Praça Dom Helvécio, São João del Rei 36301-160, MG, BrazilNatural Sciences Department, Federal University of São João del Rei, 74 Praça Dom Helvécio, São João del Rei 36301-160, MG, BrazilNatural Sciences Department, Federal University of São João del Rei, 74 Praça Dom Helvécio, São João del Rei 36301-160, MG, BrazilNatural Sciences Department, Federal University of São João del Rei, 74 Praça Dom Helvécio, São João del Rei 36301-160, MG, BrazilNatural Sciences Department, Federal University of São João del Rei, 74 Praça Dom Helvécio, São João del Rei 36301-160, MG, BrazilNatural Sciences Department, Federal University of São João del Rei, 74 Praça Dom Helvécio, São João del Rei 36301-160, MG, BrazilThis study investigated the effect of surface treatments on the electrochemical performance of 3D-printed electrodes for versatile applications. The conductive filament was obtained from a mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) and carbon black (CB) at a 7:3 ratio (PLA/CB) dispersed in acetic acid and dichloroethane (3:1) medium. The treatments used were HNO<sub>3</sub>, NaOH, DMF (immersion for 30, 30, and 15 min, respectively), and electrochemical activation (amperometry 150 s, 1.8 V). In general, the treatments allow greater exposure of the conductive material and active sites present on the sensor surface. This was confirmed using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The analyses were conducted with a 0.10 M KCl solution containing the redox pair ferricyanide/ferrocyanide 5.00 mmol L<sup>−1</sup>. Based on the results obtained, the electroactive area, kinetic constant and resistance to electron transfer were determined for each treatment. The treatment in basic medium stood out as the treatment that was most appropriate for the device used in this work. The device was also tested for its potential in the analysis of acetaminophen, demonstrating satisfactory results permitting the application of 3D-S<sub>Basic</sub> in the analysis of acetaminophen.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4532/6/1/9electrochemical sensor3D printingconductive lab-made filamentsurface treatment |
| spellingShingle | Thiago Gabry Barbosa Daniela Nunes da Silva Marcella Matos Cordeiro Borges Scarlat Ohanna Dávila da Trindade Thaís Cristina de Oliveira Cândido Arnaldo César Pereira Influence of Surface Treatments on the Electrochemical Performance of Lab-Made 3D-Printed Electrodes Analytica electrochemical sensor 3D printing conductive lab-made filament surface treatment |
| title | Influence of Surface Treatments on the Electrochemical Performance of Lab-Made 3D-Printed Electrodes |
| title_full | Influence of Surface Treatments on the Electrochemical Performance of Lab-Made 3D-Printed Electrodes |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Surface Treatments on the Electrochemical Performance of Lab-Made 3D-Printed Electrodes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Surface Treatments on the Electrochemical Performance of Lab-Made 3D-Printed Electrodes |
| title_short | Influence of Surface Treatments on the Electrochemical Performance of Lab-Made 3D-Printed Electrodes |
| title_sort | influence of surface treatments on the electrochemical performance of lab made 3d printed electrodes |
| topic | electrochemical sensor 3D printing conductive lab-made filament surface treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4532/6/1/9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thiagogabrybarbosa influenceofsurfacetreatmentsontheelectrochemicalperformanceoflabmade3dprintedelectrodes AT danielanunesdasilva influenceofsurfacetreatmentsontheelectrochemicalperformanceoflabmade3dprintedelectrodes AT marcellamatoscordeiroborges influenceofsurfacetreatmentsontheelectrochemicalperformanceoflabmade3dprintedelectrodes AT scarlatohannadaviladatrindade influenceofsurfacetreatmentsontheelectrochemicalperformanceoflabmade3dprintedelectrodes AT thaiscristinadeoliveiracandido influenceofsurfacetreatmentsontheelectrochemicalperformanceoflabmade3dprintedelectrodes AT arnaldocesarpereira influenceofsurfacetreatmentsontheelectrochemicalperformanceoflabmade3dprintedelectrodes |