Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on the Role of Jet Angle in Controlling the Flow of Transmission Gears

Gears play an important role in modern machinery and are indispensable transmission components, particularly at high speeds, where lubrication is essential for the reliability and efficiency of the gear unit. In order to study the oil coverage law and heat dissipation mechanism of high-speed rotatin...

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Main Authors: Tiangang Zou, Qingdong Yan, Wei Hou, Chunyu Wang, Ziqiang Zhang, Junye Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Lubricants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/13/5/225
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author Tiangang Zou
Qingdong Yan
Wei Hou
Chunyu Wang
Ziqiang Zhang
Junye Li
author_facet Tiangang Zou
Qingdong Yan
Wei Hou
Chunyu Wang
Ziqiang Zhang
Junye Li
author_sort Tiangang Zou
collection DOAJ
description Gears play an important role in modern machinery and are indispensable transmission components, particularly at high speeds, where lubrication is essential for the reliability and efficiency of the gear unit. In order to study the oil coverage law and heat dissipation mechanism of high-speed rotating meshing gears by injection angle, this paper adopts the moving particle semi-implicit method to establish a high-speed rotating gear lubrication model, study the intrinsic effect of different jet angles on gear lubrication, and build a gear lubrication bench for experimental verification. Numerical simulation found that with an increase in spray angle, the gear surface coverage and heat transfer coefficient of the high-speed rotating transmission gears initially increase and then decrease. They reflect the same lubrication law characteristics. When the injection angle was 90°, the surface coverage and heat transfer coefficient values were at their greatest, resulting in the best spray lubricating effect. According to the experimental results, under the conditions of 0.5 MPa injection pressure and high-speed rotation of the transmission gear with vertical injection, the lubricant covers the largest surface area of the gear and the least power loss. Simultaneously, in our previous study, we experimentally obtained the optimal parameter conditions on the basis of which we derived. The effect of nozzle diameter on jet lubrication was investigated in a previous study, and in this article, the effect of nozzle angle and distance on gear lubrication is investigated; the optimal conditions for high-speed lubrication of gears are the incident distance of 3.5 cm, incident angle of 90°, incident diameter of 1.5 mm, and gear speed of 2000 r/min, and the lubrication effect reaches the best ideal state; reduction in oil loss due to oil injection lubrication and power loss due to different parameters of the lubrication system. Lubrication design provides a theoretical foundation for the transmission system.
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series Lubricants
spelling doaj-art-48093d67739e4f92bc44cbf7094c36e62025-08-20T01:56:19ZengMDPI AGLubricants2075-44422025-05-0113522510.3390/lubricants13050225Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on the Role of Jet Angle in Controlling the Flow of Transmission GearsTiangang Zou0Qingdong Yan1Wei Hou2Chunyu Wang3Ziqiang Zhang4Junye Li5School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaChina North Vehicle Research Institute, Beijing 100072, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, ChinaGears play an important role in modern machinery and are indispensable transmission components, particularly at high speeds, where lubrication is essential for the reliability and efficiency of the gear unit. In order to study the oil coverage law and heat dissipation mechanism of high-speed rotating meshing gears by injection angle, this paper adopts the moving particle semi-implicit method to establish a high-speed rotating gear lubrication model, study the intrinsic effect of different jet angles on gear lubrication, and build a gear lubrication bench for experimental verification. Numerical simulation found that with an increase in spray angle, the gear surface coverage and heat transfer coefficient of the high-speed rotating transmission gears initially increase and then decrease. They reflect the same lubrication law characteristics. When the injection angle was 90°, the surface coverage and heat transfer coefficient values were at their greatest, resulting in the best spray lubricating effect. According to the experimental results, under the conditions of 0.5 MPa injection pressure and high-speed rotation of the transmission gear with vertical injection, the lubricant covers the largest surface area of the gear and the least power loss. Simultaneously, in our previous study, we experimentally obtained the optimal parameter conditions on the basis of which we derived. The effect of nozzle diameter on jet lubrication was investigated in a previous study, and in this article, the effect of nozzle angle and distance on gear lubrication is investigated; the optimal conditions for high-speed lubrication of gears are the incident distance of 3.5 cm, incident angle of 90°, incident diameter of 1.5 mm, and gear speed of 2000 r/min, and the lubrication effect reaches the best ideal state; reduction in oil loss due to oil injection lubrication and power loss due to different parameters of the lubrication system. Lubrication design provides a theoretical foundation for the transmission system.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/13/5/225machinery manufacturing technology and equipmentgear lubricationinjection anglesmoving particle semi-implicite method
spellingShingle Tiangang Zou
Qingdong Yan
Wei Hou
Chunyu Wang
Ziqiang Zhang
Junye Li
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on the Role of Jet Angle in Controlling the Flow of Transmission Gears
Lubricants
machinery manufacturing technology and equipment
gear lubrication
injection angles
moving particle semi-implicite method
title Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on the Role of Jet Angle in Controlling the Flow of Transmission Gears
title_full Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on the Role of Jet Angle in Controlling the Flow of Transmission Gears
title_fullStr Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on the Role of Jet Angle in Controlling the Flow of Transmission Gears
title_full_unstemmed Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on the Role of Jet Angle in Controlling the Flow of Transmission Gears
title_short Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on the Role of Jet Angle in Controlling the Flow of Transmission Gears
title_sort numerical simulation and experimental study on the role of jet angle in controlling the flow of transmission gears
topic machinery manufacturing technology and equipment
gear lubrication
injection angles
moving particle semi-implicite method
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/13/5/225
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