Selective treatment of clinical mastitis: Assessment of the net cash impact on dairy farms under diverse scenarios—A European perspective
ABSTRACT: Selective treatment of clinical mastitis (STCM) potentially reduces antimicrobial use without negative implications on cow's milk production or health. However, this approach comes with additional costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the net cash impact (NCI) of implementing S...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Dairy Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030224009329 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850266227543375872 |
|---|---|
| author | A. Rico D. Armstrong N. Brady L. León A. Hancock A. Lago |
| author_facet | A. Rico D. Armstrong N. Brady L. León A. Hancock A. Lago |
| author_sort | A. Rico |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: Selective treatment of clinical mastitis (STCM) potentially reduces antimicrobial use without negative implications on cow's milk production or health. However, this approach comes with additional costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the net cash impact (NCI) of implementing STCM compared with blanket treatment of clinical mastitis (BTCM) under different diagnostic test turnaround times (24 h, 14 h, and 8 h) using a stochastic partial budget analysis with Monte Carlo simulation. The target population was European commercial dairy herds; therefore, the model inputs were primarily from European sources. Additionally, variables associated with dairy management programs were obtained from USDA sources, worldwide multisite clinical trials, and expert opinion. The output was calculated by subtracting the cost of STCM from the cost of BTCM, and it represented the expected NCI if a herd switched from BTCM to STCM. Depending on the time-to-treatment efficiency and diagnostic test turnaround time, the expected mean NCI, assuming that STCM has no impact on the cow's future health or production, ranged from +€8.7 to +€12.4 per case with 72.4% to 84.8% of the iterations being ≥€0. Moreover, using the numerically favorable health and production effects of STCM reported in the literature, the expected mean NCI ranged from +€44.5 to +€48.1 per case with 93.6% to 95.4% of the iterations being ≥€0. The variables with the greatest contribution to NCI variance were the proportion of gram-positive cases (39.2% of the variance) and days out of the tank for treated cows (22.0%). However, if cows' future health and production were accounted for, culling risk (24.6%), recurrence risk (19.4%), and milk yield (10.6%) would have the greatest contribution to NCI. The sensitivity analysis indicated that farms with high clinical mastitis incidence, low proportion of gram-positive cases, large number of days out of the tank for treated cows, higher milking frequency or using automatic milking systems, not using the highest priced diagnostic tests, and having high antimicrobial treatment costs are the best candidates for STCM. Improving time-to-treatment efficiency, for example by using a rapid diagnostic test, leads to a favorable NCI, whereas high daily milk yield and milk price enhances the NCI in already positive scenarios. Finally, the cash flow entirely depends on cows' future health and milk yield. Overall, the results indicate that STCM is a practice that positively affects the NCI of many herds. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-48007f6157464ed4bbac1d74cfa06421 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0022-0302 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Dairy Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-48007f6157464ed4bbac1d74cfa064212025-08-20T01:54:14ZengElsevierJournal of Dairy Science0022-03022024-12-0110712109641097910.3168/jds.2023-24341Selective treatment of clinical mastitis: Assessment of the net cash impact on dairy farms under diverse scenarios—A European perspectiveA. Rico0D. Armstrong1N. Brady2L. León3A. Hancock4A. Lago5DairyExperts Inc., Tulare, CA 93274Zoetis Inc., Parsippany, NJ 07054Zoetis Inc., Parsippany, NJ 07054Zoetis Inc., Parsippany, NJ 07054Zoetis Inc., Parsippany, NJ 07054DairyExperts Inc., Tulare, CA 93274; Corresponding authorABSTRACT: Selective treatment of clinical mastitis (STCM) potentially reduces antimicrobial use without negative implications on cow's milk production or health. However, this approach comes with additional costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the net cash impact (NCI) of implementing STCM compared with blanket treatment of clinical mastitis (BTCM) under different diagnostic test turnaround times (24 h, 14 h, and 8 h) using a stochastic partial budget analysis with Monte Carlo simulation. The target population was European commercial dairy herds; therefore, the model inputs were primarily from European sources. Additionally, variables associated with dairy management programs were obtained from USDA sources, worldwide multisite clinical trials, and expert opinion. The output was calculated by subtracting the cost of STCM from the cost of BTCM, and it represented the expected NCI if a herd switched from BTCM to STCM. Depending on the time-to-treatment efficiency and diagnostic test turnaround time, the expected mean NCI, assuming that STCM has no impact on the cow's future health or production, ranged from +€8.7 to +€12.4 per case with 72.4% to 84.8% of the iterations being ≥€0. Moreover, using the numerically favorable health and production effects of STCM reported in the literature, the expected mean NCI ranged from +€44.5 to +€48.1 per case with 93.6% to 95.4% of the iterations being ≥€0. The variables with the greatest contribution to NCI variance were the proportion of gram-positive cases (39.2% of the variance) and days out of the tank for treated cows (22.0%). However, if cows' future health and production were accounted for, culling risk (24.6%), recurrence risk (19.4%), and milk yield (10.6%) would have the greatest contribution to NCI. The sensitivity analysis indicated that farms with high clinical mastitis incidence, low proportion of gram-positive cases, large number of days out of the tank for treated cows, higher milking frequency or using automatic milking systems, not using the highest priced diagnostic tests, and having high antimicrobial treatment costs are the best candidates for STCM. Improving time-to-treatment efficiency, for example by using a rapid diagnostic test, leads to a favorable NCI, whereas high daily milk yield and milk price enhances the NCI in already positive scenarios. Finally, the cash flow entirely depends on cows' future health and milk yield. Overall, the results indicate that STCM is a practice that positively affects the NCI of many herds.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030224009329clinical mastitisantimicrobial stewardshipselective treatmentstochastic partial budget |
| spellingShingle | A. Rico D. Armstrong N. Brady L. León A. Hancock A. Lago Selective treatment of clinical mastitis: Assessment of the net cash impact on dairy farms under diverse scenarios—A European perspective Journal of Dairy Science clinical mastitis antimicrobial stewardship selective treatment stochastic partial budget |
| title | Selective treatment of clinical mastitis: Assessment of the net cash impact on dairy farms under diverse scenarios—A European perspective |
| title_full | Selective treatment of clinical mastitis: Assessment of the net cash impact on dairy farms under diverse scenarios—A European perspective |
| title_fullStr | Selective treatment of clinical mastitis: Assessment of the net cash impact on dairy farms under diverse scenarios—A European perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Selective treatment of clinical mastitis: Assessment of the net cash impact on dairy farms under diverse scenarios—A European perspective |
| title_short | Selective treatment of clinical mastitis: Assessment of the net cash impact on dairy farms under diverse scenarios—A European perspective |
| title_sort | selective treatment of clinical mastitis assessment of the net cash impact on dairy farms under diverse scenarios a european perspective |
| topic | clinical mastitis antimicrobial stewardship selective treatment stochastic partial budget |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030224009329 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT arico selectivetreatmentofclinicalmastitisassessmentofthenetcashimpactondairyfarmsunderdiversescenariosaeuropeanperspective AT darmstrong selectivetreatmentofclinicalmastitisassessmentofthenetcashimpactondairyfarmsunderdiversescenariosaeuropeanperspective AT nbrady selectivetreatmentofclinicalmastitisassessmentofthenetcashimpactondairyfarmsunderdiversescenariosaeuropeanperspective AT lleon selectivetreatmentofclinicalmastitisassessmentofthenetcashimpactondairyfarmsunderdiversescenariosaeuropeanperspective AT ahancock selectivetreatmentofclinicalmastitisassessmentofthenetcashimpactondairyfarmsunderdiversescenariosaeuropeanperspective AT alago selectivetreatmentofclinicalmastitisassessmentofthenetcashimpactondairyfarmsunderdiversescenariosaeuropeanperspective |