Correlations between blood group and Rh factor in families and autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive analysis
Abstract This study is the first to investigate potential correlations between blood groups, Rh factors, and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) within a diverse dataset of 2,390 participants from multiple regions in Iraq. The participants included children with ASD, children with other neurodevelopmenta...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97313-8 |
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| author | Adil Abdul-Rehman Siddiq Al-Salihy |
| author_facet | Adil Abdul-Rehman Siddiq Al-Salihy |
| author_sort | Adil Abdul-Rehman Siddiq Al-Salihy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study is the first to investigate potential correlations between blood groups, Rh factors, and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) within a diverse dataset of 2,390 participants from multiple regions in Iraq. The participants included children with ASD, children with other neurodevelopmental disorders, typically developing children and their parents. Using chi-square tests, logistic regression analysis, and machine learning algorithms, the findings revealed that the O + blood group was the most prevalent across all groups. Importantly, logistic regression analysis identified the AB + blood group as being associated with a significantly lower risk of ASD, suggesting a novel protective factor. No significant associations were observed between other blood groups, Rh factors, and ASD risk. Additionally, the study found no statistically significant differences in blood group distributions among children with ASD, other neurodevelopmental disorders, and typically developing children. These results provide new insights into the potential immunogenetic contributions to ASD and emphasize the need for further research to confirm the protective effect of the AB + blood group. Such studies may help unravel the genetic, immunological, and environmental mechanisms underlying ASD and support the development of targeted diagnostic and preventative strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-47f18feab7b84f52b37a41ae47b519ee |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-47f18feab7b84f52b37a41ae47b519ee2025-08-20T03:10:12ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111910.1038/s41598-025-97313-8Correlations between blood group and Rh factor in families and autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive analysisAdil Abdul-Rehman Siddiq Al-Salihy0Mental Health Department, Psychological Research Center, Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific ResearchAbstract This study is the first to investigate potential correlations between blood groups, Rh factors, and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) within a diverse dataset of 2,390 participants from multiple regions in Iraq. The participants included children with ASD, children with other neurodevelopmental disorders, typically developing children and their parents. Using chi-square tests, logistic regression analysis, and machine learning algorithms, the findings revealed that the O + blood group was the most prevalent across all groups. Importantly, logistic regression analysis identified the AB + blood group as being associated with a significantly lower risk of ASD, suggesting a novel protective factor. No significant associations were observed between other blood groups, Rh factors, and ASD risk. Additionally, the study found no statistically significant differences in blood group distributions among children with ASD, other neurodevelopmental disorders, and typically developing children. These results provide new insights into the potential immunogenetic contributions to ASD and emphasize the need for further research to confirm the protective effect of the AB + blood group. Such studies may help unravel the genetic, immunological, and environmental mechanisms underlying ASD and support the development of targeted diagnostic and preventative strategies.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97313-8Autism spectrum disorderAutism etiologyBlood groupRh factorNeurodevelopmental disordersImmunogenetics |
| spellingShingle | Adil Abdul-Rehman Siddiq Al-Salihy Correlations between blood group and Rh factor in families and autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive analysis Scientific Reports Autism spectrum disorder Autism etiology Blood group Rh factor Neurodevelopmental disorders Immunogenetics |
| title | Correlations between blood group and Rh factor in families and autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive analysis |
| title_full | Correlations between blood group and Rh factor in families and autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive analysis |
| title_fullStr | Correlations between blood group and Rh factor in families and autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlations between blood group and Rh factor in families and autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive analysis |
| title_short | Correlations between blood group and Rh factor in families and autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive analysis |
| title_sort | correlations between blood group and rh factor in families and autism spectrum disorder a comprehensive analysis |
| topic | Autism spectrum disorder Autism etiology Blood group Rh factor Neurodevelopmental disorders Immunogenetics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97313-8 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT adilabdulrehmansiddiqalsalihy correlationsbetweenbloodgroupandrhfactorinfamiliesandautismspectrumdisorderacomprehensiveanalysis |