Excitation-inhibition imbalance in the motor control network: a key factor in post-stroke spasticity
Spasticity is a recognized motor dysfunction that frequently arises following a stroke and significantly impacts the quality of life of affected patients. It is characterized by involuntary muscle activation resulting from overexcitation of the stretch reflex. Currently, therapeutic options for post...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2025.1615483/full |
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| author | Shanshan Zeng Lu Li Lingying Wu Ran Li Xukun Tang Xiongxing Sun Shigao Lin Zhuxuan Liu Jie Tang Qian Liu Dahua Wu Le Xie |
| author_facet | Shanshan Zeng Lu Li Lingying Wu Ran Li Xukun Tang Xiongxing Sun Shigao Lin Zhuxuan Liu Jie Tang Qian Liu Dahua Wu Le Xie |
| author_sort | Shanshan Zeng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spasticity is a recognized motor dysfunction that frequently arises following a stroke and significantly impacts the quality of life of affected patients. It is characterized by involuntary muscle activation resulting from overexcitation of the stretch reflex. Currently, therapeutic options for post-stroke spasticity are limited, and the underlying pathological mechanisms remain inadequately understood. Evidence suggests that stretch reflex hyperactivity is attributable to a combination of factors, including abnormal supraspinal projections, imbalances within the intraspinal network, and peripheral muscle alterations. This review aimed to examine supraspinal projections, specifically addressing the imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory output signals within the neural network of the brain’s motor control region, and to discuss the significant role of the associated nerve bundles in the disease’s pathogenesis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-47c9407afe714802b3aa2e44660ba409 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-47c9407afe714802b3aa2e44660ba4092025-08-20T03:05:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612025-08-011910.3389/fnhum.2025.16154831615483Excitation-inhibition imbalance in the motor control network: a key factor in post-stroke spasticityShanshan ZengLu LiLingying WuRan LiXukun TangXiongxing SunShigao LinZhuxuan LiuJie TangQian LiuDahua WuLe XieSpasticity is a recognized motor dysfunction that frequently arises following a stroke and significantly impacts the quality of life of affected patients. It is characterized by involuntary muscle activation resulting from overexcitation of the stretch reflex. Currently, therapeutic options for post-stroke spasticity are limited, and the underlying pathological mechanisms remain inadequately understood. Evidence suggests that stretch reflex hyperactivity is attributable to a combination of factors, including abnormal supraspinal projections, imbalances within the intraspinal network, and peripheral muscle alterations. This review aimed to examine supraspinal projections, specifically addressing the imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory output signals within the neural network of the brain’s motor control region, and to discuss the significant role of the associated nerve bundles in the disease’s pathogenesis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2025.1615483/fullspasticitystrokestretch reflex hyperactivityexcitation-inhibition imbalanceneural excitability |
| spellingShingle | Shanshan Zeng Lu Li Lingying Wu Ran Li Xukun Tang Xiongxing Sun Shigao Lin Zhuxuan Liu Jie Tang Qian Liu Dahua Wu Le Xie Excitation-inhibition imbalance in the motor control network: a key factor in post-stroke spasticity Frontiers in Human Neuroscience spasticity stroke stretch reflex hyperactivity excitation-inhibition imbalance neural excitability |
| title | Excitation-inhibition imbalance in the motor control network: a key factor in post-stroke spasticity |
| title_full | Excitation-inhibition imbalance in the motor control network: a key factor in post-stroke spasticity |
| title_fullStr | Excitation-inhibition imbalance in the motor control network: a key factor in post-stroke spasticity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Excitation-inhibition imbalance in the motor control network: a key factor in post-stroke spasticity |
| title_short | Excitation-inhibition imbalance in the motor control network: a key factor in post-stroke spasticity |
| title_sort | excitation inhibition imbalance in the motor control network a key factor in post stroke spasticity |
| topic | spasticity stroke stretch reflex hyperactivity excitation-inhibition imbalance neural excitability |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2025.1615483/full |
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